BIOLOGY EOC: NATURE OF SCIENCE REVIEW

Which of the following best describes the scientific method?

• A) A process of guessing and making assumptions.

• B) A process of systematic observation, experimentation, and hypothesis testing.

• C) A method of making predictions based on personal beliefs.

• D) A way to prove ideas without needing evidence.

Which of the following is the first step in the scientific method?

• Testing the hypothesis.

• Making observations.

• Drawing conclusions.

• Forming a theory.

What is the purpose of forming a hypothesis in an experiment?

• To create a fact.

• To make an educated guess about the outcome.

• To finalize the experimental procedure.

• To conclude the research.

Which statement is true about a scientific theory?

• It can never be changed once established.

• It is an explanation based on a large body of evidence.

• It is an untested guess.

• It is always correct.

What is the main difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?

• A) A theory is based on observation, while a law is based on testing.

• B) A theory explains why something happens, while a law describes what happens.

• C) A law is a hypothesis, while a theory is a proven fact.

• D) A law is temporary, while a theory is permanent.

Which of the following describes a law in science?

• A law is a description of natural phenomena that is universally consistent.

• A law is a theory that has been tested.

• A law explains the reasons behind a natural phenomenon.

• A law is just a guess based on facts.

What is a characteristic of pseudoscience?

• It follows the scientific method and peer review.

• It is based on testable hypotheses.

• It lacks empirical evidence and reproducibility.

• It consistently supports current scientific theories.

Which of the following is a key aspect of experimental design?

• Making the experiment as complicated as possible.

• Ensuring that the experiment is reproducible and controlled.

• Avoiding the use of control groups.

• Ignoring outside variables.

What is the role of the control group in an experiment?

• It receives no treatment to compare with the experimental group.

• It always gets the most treatment.

• It tests the hypothesis.

• It helps interpret the results from the experimental group.

Which of the following is an example of a testable question in science?

• What is the meaning of life?

• Why do we exist?

• Does increasing sunlight affect plant growth?

• What is the color of happiness?