Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics Exam - Section A

Functional anatomy is a field of science that studies:

• how the skeletal system and muscular system interact to produce movement.

• how the skeletal system and nervous system interact to produce movement.

• how the skeletal system and muscular system interact to produce new blood cells.

• how tendons, ligaments and cartilage interact to produce movement.

There are three main types of muscles in the human body. These include:

• skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.

• skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and internal muscle.

• skeletal muscle, striated muscle and non-striated muscle.

• skeletal muscle, voluntary muscle and involuntary muscle.

The appendicular skeleton is:

• made up of 206 bones.

• attached to the axial skeleton and provides support for the long axis of the body.

• attached to the axial skeleton and provides support for the arms and legs.

• attached to the axial skeleton and provides support for the vertebral column.

The structure of a joint determines:

• how it functions.

• how big it is.

• which ligaments are required to hold it together.

• how effective the articular cartilage is at cushioning the bones.

Isometric contraction is:

• a process in which the muscle fibres produce tension as they shorten or lengthen.

• a process in which the muscle fibres produce tension but neither shorten nor lengthen.

• a process in which the muscle lengthens to release the bones and move them further apart.

• a process in which the muscle shortens to pull on bones and bring them closer together.

Force is defined as:

• an interaction that causes (or has the potential to cause) a change in the motion of an object.

• an interaction that causes (or has the potential to cause) a change in the mass of an object.

• an interaction between the body and the external environment.

• an interaction that is generated inside the body.

General motion is a combination of:

• linear and curvilinear motion.

• linear and angular motion.

• angular and curvilinear motion.

• linear, angular and curvilinear motion.

Bernoulli’s principle explains that as the velocity of a fluid or gas increases:

• its pressure increases.

• its pressure decreases.

• its pressure stays the same.

• it moves from an area of high pressure to low pressure.

Newton’s first law of motion states: “A body continues in a state of rest or uniform velocity unless acted upon by an external force.” This is known as:

• inertia.

• acceleration.

• action and reaction.

• gravity.

Levers with a longer resistance arm are known as:

• force multipliers

• speed multipliers

• first-class levers

• second-class levers.