Ch. 8 (Park & Kim)

What is the phenomenon called when deviant behavior occurs due to the collapse of social norms?

• Innovation

• Regression

• Anomie

• Conformity

How does differential opportunity theory classify criminal subcultures?

• Legal, illegal, moral

• Criminal, conflict, retreatist

• Cultural, institutional, personal

• Violent, peaceful, indifferent

What is the main focus of social structure theory?

• Individual psychological characteristics

• Social and economic factors

• Biological factors

• Legal procedures

Which theory examines the impact of social development on criminal behavior?

• Strain Theory

• Development Theory

• Social Disorganization Theory

• Labeling Theory

Which theory suggests that the collapse of social institutions leads to crime?

• Cultural Deviance Theory

• General Strain Theory

• Social Disorganization Theory

• Routine Activity Theory

What is the concept that accepts both social goals and institutionalized means?

• Innovation

• Conformity

• Rebellion

• Retreatism

What is the withdrawal from society by rejecting both social goals and means in adaptation to tension?

• Ritualism

• Innovation

• Retreatism

• Conformity

What is an example of objective tension?

• Anticipation of job loss

• Experience of discrimination

• Anxiety about the future

• Low self-esteem

What is the main criticism of strain theory?

• Ignores social factors

• Oversimplifies criminal behavior

• Focuses too much on psychological aspects

• Applies only to juvenile delinquency

In strain theory, what is the response of strictly adhering to social rules while losing sight of the original goals?

• Ritualism

• Innovation

• Rebellion

• Retreatism