AP Environmental Science Exam Review

Which of the following processes shown in the diagram leads to precipitation? Evaporation rate, Runoff rate, Surface infiltration rate, Deep infiltration rate

• Evaporation rate

• Runoff rate

• Surface infiltration rate

• Deep infiltration rate

What type of energy is considered a nonrenewable source?

• Solar

• Wind

• Geothermal

• Nuclear

An ecologist examining several different ponds discovers that in one pond all the frogs are female. Which of the following most likely led to the all-female population of frogs?

• An endocrine disruptor

• A carcinogen

• Nitrogen fertilizers

• Heavy metals

Which of the following would be most likely to occur in the scenarios that have experienced habitat loss and/or fragmentation in the diagram?

• Increase in territory size of large mammals

• Increase in genetic diversity of native species

• Decrease in the number of specialist species

• Decrease in the abundance of invasive species

Which curve in the graph best represents a K-selected species?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which of the following correctly pairs a greenhouse gas with its primary anthropogenic source?

• Methane and vehicular emissions

• Nitrous oxide and agricultural practices

• Chlorofluorocarbons and fossil fuel combustion

• Carbon dioxide and municipal solid waste from homes

Which of the following best describes a supporting ecological service provided by wetlands: Wetlands serve as a source of aesthetic inspiration for art and literature. Wetlands provide a habitat for a wide variety of organisms. Wetlands provide opportunities for ecotourism, which provides revenue to the local economy. Wetlands serve as a major reservoir for nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle.

• Wetlands serve as a source of aesthetic inspiration for art and literature.

• Wetlands provide a habitat for a wide variety of organisms.

• Wetlands provide opportunities for ecotourism, which provides revenue to the local economy.

• Wetlands serve as a major reservoir for nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle.

Which of the following is a possible effect of global climate change as illustrated in Scenario 1? Increased sea level would reduce the size of the habitat patches. Increased carbon dioxide availability spurs plant growth, which would increase habitat size. Decreased temperatures would cause unsuitable abiotic conditions. Decreased precipitation would eliminate habitat patches.

• Increased sea level would reduce the size of the habitat patches.

• Increased carbon dioxide availability spurs plant growth, which would increase habitat size.

• Decreased temperatures would cause unsuitable abiotic conditions.

• Decreased precipitation would eliminate habitat patches.

This energy source is used to generate electricity with photovoltaic (PV) cells.

• Wind

• Solar

• Geothermal

• Hydropower

This type of energy utilizes heat that is stored beneath Earth’s surface to heat water and produce steam.

• Solar

• Geothermal

• Wind

• Nuclear