Operating Systems - Test 1 Practice

Which of the following is not a valid state of a process in an operating system?

• New

• Queued

• Running

• Terminated

What does the term context switch refer to in operating systems?

• Changing file system structure

• Switching user permissions

• Saving and restoring the state of a CPU for process scheduling

• Deleting unused background processes

What is the critical section in process synchronization?

• The portion of code where interrupts are disabled

• Code that accesses shared resources and must not be executed by more than one process at a time

• A memory region used for garbage collection

• A debugging module of the OS kernel

In a preemptive scheduling environment, the CPU can:

• Only be taken away when a process completes

• Be forcibly taken from a process if a higher priority one arrives

• Not be shared between processes

• Only schedule batch jobs

What is the main difference between paging and segmentation?

• Paging is hardware-based; segmentation is software-based

• Paging uses variable-sized memory blocks; segmentation uses fixed-size blocks

• Paging divides memory into fixed-size pages; segmentation divides programs into logical units

• They are two names for the same technique

Why is virtual memory important for modern operating systems?

• It speeds up the boot process

• It enables processes to access the GPU directly

• It allows more processes to run than the actual physical memory can accommodate

• It acts as a firewall for the operating system

Which of the following statements about threads is true?

• Threads have their own memory space separate from other threads

• Threads are slower than processes

• Threads share the same code and data segment

• Threads can only run in single-core systems

Which of these scheduling algorithms selects the process with the shortest burst time?

• Round Robin

• First-Come First-Served

• Shortest Job Next

• Priority Scheduling

What could be a consequence of not using mutual exclusion in critical sections?

• System clock mismatch

• Race conditions and data inconsistency

• Higher power consumption

• Reduced context switching

Which memory management technique is most associated with internal fragmentation?

• Segmentation

• Paging

• Swapping

• Demand Paging