Reference and Inference Questions

Which of the following best describes direct reference?

• A. A word or phrase that hints at something using context clues

• B. A clear and explicit mention of the referent

• C. A reference that requires reader interpretation

• D. A sentence that uses figurative language

Identify the type of reference used in this sentence:

"Anna walked into the room. She looked nervous."

• A. Direct reference

• B. Indirect Reference

• C. Ambiguous Reference

• D. Figurative Reference

Which sentence contains a direct reference?

• A. "They arrived late, but the professor still let them in."

• B. "The Eiffel Tower is beautiful at night."

• C. "It was the best decision he ever made."

• D. She gave it to him without saying a word."

Is the act of using language to refer to something in the real world or in the speaker's or writer's mind.

• A. Reference

• B. Inference

• C. Direct Reference

• D. Indirect Reference

Is the mental process the listener or reader uses to interpret the meaning of what is being communicated—especially when that meaning is not directly stated.

• A. Reference

• B. Inference

• C. Direct Reference

• D. Indirect Reference

In the sentence "Maria gave Anna her book because she had already read it," what does the pronoun "she" refer to?

• A. Maria

• B. Anna

• C. The book

• D. It is unclear

Jason walked into the room, soaking wet and shivering. He dropped his umbrella by the door.

What can be inferred from this sentence?

• A. Jason was swimming.

• B. It is raining outside.

• C. Jason fell into a lake.

• D. The room is cold.

Lena saw the cat under the table. It looked scared and was shaking. What does "it" refer to, and what can you infer about it?

• A. The table; it is broken.

• Lena; she is scared.

• C. The cat; it is frightened.

• D. The room; it is cold

Anaphora is a word or phrase that refers forward to word or phrase that is mentioned later in the sentence.

• A. True

• B. False

• C. Yes

• D. No

Anaphora is a word or phrase that refers to a previously mentioned word or phrase in the context.

• A. True

• B. False

• C. Yes

• D. No