Intro to Discrete Math: Unit 2 Review

In Ranked Choice Voting, what happens if no candidate receives a majority of first-choice votes in the first round?

• The candidate with the most first-choice votes wins.

• The candidate with the fewest first-choice votes is eliminated, and their votes are redistributed.

• All candidates proceed to a runoff.

• The election is declared invalid.

Which of the following best describes the Single-Member Plurality (SMP) method?

• Voters rank all candidates in order of preference.

• The candidate with the most votes wins, even if it is not a majority.

• A series of runoffs are held until a candidate has a majority.

• Points are assigned based on ranking.

In a runoff voting system, what is the main purpose of the second round?

• To allow voters to change their minds.

• To ensure the winner has a majority of votes.

• To eliminate all but one candidate.

• To assign points for preferences.

Which voting method involves comparing every candidate head-to-head with every other candidate?

• Plurality voting

• Pairwise comparison voting

• Instant-runoff voting

• Points-for-preference voting

In points-for-preference voting, how are points typically assigned?

• Only the first-choice candidate receives points.

• Each rank is assigned a specific number of points, decreasing for lower ranks.

• Points are assigned randomly.

• Only the last-choice candidate receives points.

Which of the following is true about instant-runoff voting?

• Voters only select one candidate.

• The process continues until a candidate has a majority.

• The candidate with the most first-choice votes always wins.

• All candidates are eliminated except the top two.

What is the main difference between plurality and majority?

• Plurality requires more than half the votes; majority does not.

• Majority requires more than half the votes; plurality does not.

• Both require more than half the votes.

• Neither requires more than half the votes.

Which of the following is NOT one of Arrow's fairness criteria?

• Non-dictatorship

• Independence of irrelevant alternatives

• Monotonicity

• Weighted voting

In a weighted voting system, what does the quota represent?

• The number of voters

• The minimum weight needed to pass a motion

• The total number of votes

• The number of candidates

Which of the following statements about voting weight and voting power is correct?

• Voting weight always equals voting power.

• Voting power can differ from voting weight depending on the system.

• Voting power is always less than voting weight.

• Voting power is not measurable.