NEAR ADD

Which method you prefer to be the most reliable?

• AOA method

• Age based

• MEM method

• Relative accomodation method

What is the primary drawback of using the fused crossed cylinder test in presbyopia assessment?

• It overestimates accommodative demand

• It is not performed under binocular conditions

• It cannot detect accommodative lag

• It relies on subjective responses and can vary with lighting

Which of the following is NOT a valid reason to perform dynamic retinoscopy in presbyopia assessment?

• To assess amplitude of accommodation

• To measure near addition objectively

• To identify binocular vision anomalies

• To detect accommodative lag

Which age group typically requires a near addition of +2.50 D assuming average working distance and visual demand?

• 35–40 years

• 40–45 years

• 50–55 years

• 60–65 years

The NRA/PRA (Negative/Positive Relative Accommodation) method is based on which principle?

• Measurement of absolute amplitude

• Balancing accommodative facility

• Assessing patient tolerance to added plus/minus lenses

• Isolating monocular accommodation

What would be a potential error when prescribing near add solely based on age norms?

• Overprescription in young presbyopes

• Ignoring inter-pupillary distance

• Not accounting for binocular vision status

• All of the above

A 50-year-old patient has an amplitude of accommodation of 2.00 D. What is the appropriate near add if the working distance is 40 cm?

• +1.50 D

• +2.00 D

• +2.50 D

• +1.00 D

A 60-year-old presbyope with no usable accommodation wants to read at 33 cm. What should be their near add?

• +2.00 D

• +2.50 D

• +3.00 D

• +3.50 D

A patient has 1.50 D lag on dynamic retinoscopy. The near demand is 2.50 D. What tentative add may correct this lag?

• +0.50 D

• +1.00 D

• +1.50 D

• +2.00 D

Which of the following is the most accurate method to determine the functional near add for prolonged tasks like reading books or sewing?

• AOA based

• Real-world simulation test

• Fused Cross cylinder

• Plus build-up