📘 MAELS Reviewer – Set E

Which of the following utterances performs an illocutionary act of warning?

• You should really go now.

• The door is open.

• If you do that, you’ll get hurt.

• I might leave soon.

The term “diglossia” primarily refers to:

• Two languages being learned simultaneously

• A situation with formal and informal language varieties

• Code-switching between dialects

• Lexical borrowing in bilingual contexts

What best describes the difference between syntax and morphology?

• Syntax is about sounds; morphology is about sentences

• Syntax concerns meaning; morphology is about form

• Syntax structures phrases; morphology structures words

• Syntax is phonemic; morphology is phonological

In transformational-generative grammar, “deep structure” is:

• The underlying grammatical relations of a sentence

• The surface word order of a sentence

• A visual representation of parsing

• Phonetic realization of morphology

Which of the following theories argues that language is learned through imitation and reinforcement?

• Interactionist

• Behaviorist

• Cognitive

• Nativist

A word that changes meaning based on stress placement (e.g., “record”) is an example of:

• Prosodic morphology

• Suprasegmental variation

• Homophony

• Lexical derivation

Which best illustrates metalinguistic awareness?

• Knowing how to pronounce a word

• Knowing that “cat” is a noun

• Understanding that “run” is irregular

• Talking about how a word is used

A creole language emerges when:

• A pidgin becomes nativized

• Dialects converge

• Standard languages simplify

• Phonology changes entirely

What kind of clause is underlined: I know that she left early.

• Adverbial

• Nominal

• Relative

• Infinitive

What is the function of the underlined phrase: He works hard to succeed.

• Adjective phrase

• Adverbial phrase

• Noun phrase

• Predicate complement