Unit 1-3: State Building in SOUTH Asia & SOUTHEAST Asia

What is a key characteristic of Hinduism mentioned in the text?

• Monotheistic belief

• Universalizing belief system

• Polytheistic nature

• Absence of social order

Which empire's architecture illustrates the blending of Hindu and Buddhist elements?

• Mughal Empire

• Gupta Empire

• Maurya Empire

• Khmer Empire

What marked a significant shift in power dynamics in South Asia according to the text?

• The expansion of the Mughal Empire

• The fall of the Maurya Empire

• The establishment of the Delhi Sultanate

• The rise of the Gupta Empire

Which movement emphasized personal devotion and accessibility to the divine?

• Arya Samaj Movement

• Jain Movement

• Vedic Movement

• Bhakti and Sufi Movements

What was a major economic strategy of the Srivijaya state?

• Mining and metallurgy

• Control of maritime trade routes

• Agricultural expansion

• Textile production

How did Buddhism differ from Hinduism in terms of its spread?

• It was less adaptable to other cultures

• It was restricted to South Asia

• It offered a universalizing belief system

• It was more localized

What does the persistence of Hindu kingdoms like the Vijayanagara Empire illustrate?

• The rise of Christianity

• The spread of Buddhism

• Resistance to Islamic rule

• The decline of Hinduism

What challenge did Buddhism face in South Asia by 1200?

• Lack of followers

• Decline amidst dominant local practices

• Opposition from the ruling elite

• Inability to adapt to new cultures

What does the blending of Hindu and Buddhist elements in architecture demonstrate?

• Religious conflict

• Uniformity in religious practices

• Cultural syncretism

• Isolation of cultures

What role did geography and commerce play in the rise of states like Srivijaya?

• They were irrelevant

• They were secondary to military power

• They hindered political development

• They were crucial for political power