Unit 4-3: The COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE, Explained

What disease is estimated to have killed up to 90% of the indigenous population in some areas during the period of European conquest?

• Malaria

• Smallpox

• Influenza

• Measles

Which two crops introduced during the Colombian Exchange significantly contributed to population growth in Europe?

• Wheat and rice

• Potatoes and maize

• Barley and oats

• Tomatoes and beans

What type of economy was established by Europeans that relied heavily on cash crops and exploitative labor practices?

• Subsistence farming

• Plantation economy

• Industrial economy

• Nomadic economy

Which animal’s introduction most significantly changed transportation and hunting for North American tribes?

• Cow

• Pig

• Horse

• Sheep

How did the introduction of new crops like potatoes and maize affect European societies?

• It led to a decline in population.

• It caused widespread famine.

• It enhanced nutrition and contributed to population growth.

• It had no significant impact.

Explain how the Colombian Exchange facilitated a two-way cultural exchange between Europe and the Americas.

• Only European foods were adopted by indigenous populations.

• Only European agricultural practices were introduced to the Americas.

• Both indigenous populations and Europeans adopted new foods and agricultural practices from each other.

• There was no exchange of culture or agriculture.

What environmental challenge resulted from the introduction of non-native animals and plants during the Colombian Exchange?

• Improved soil fertility

• Soil erosion and displacement of indigenous agricultural practices

• Decrease in biodiversity

• Increase in rainfall

Which of the following best describes the long-term global impact of the Colombian Exchange?

• It had only local effects on agriculture.

• It set the stage for global agricultural and economic systems, leading to modern globalization.

• It caused the collapse of European economies.

• It ended all cultural exchanges between continents.

Analyze how the drastic decline in indigenous populations due to disease may have influenced European conquest in the Americas.

• It made conquest more difficult due to resistance.

• It had no effect on European conquest.

• It made conquest easier by reducing the number of people able to resist.

• It led to the abandonment of European colonization efforts.

Evaluate the impact of the introduction of the horse on the economies and lifestyles of North American tribes.

• It had little to no impact on their societies.

• It revolutionized transportation and hunting, significantly altering their economies and ways of life.

• It caused a decline in agricultural productivity.

• It led to the extinction of native animal species.