170L Unit 2

A client with a history of lung disease is at risk for developing respiratory acidosis. The nurse would assess the client for which signs and symptoms characteristic of this disorder?

• Bradycardia and hyperactivity

• Decreased respiratory rate and depth

• Headache, restlessness, and confusion

• Bradypnea, dizziness, and paresthesias

A client who is found unresponsive has arterial blood gases drawn and the results indicate the following: pH is 7.12, Paco2 is 90 mm Hg, and HCO3– is 22 mEq/L. The nurse interprets the results as indicating which condition?

• Metabolic acidosis with compensation

• Respiratory acidosis with compensation

• Metabolic acidosis without compensation

• Respiratory acidosis without compensation

The nurse reviews the blood gas results of a client with atelectasis. The nurse analyzes the results and determines that the client is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which result validates the nurse's findings?

• pH 7.25, Paco2 50 mm Hg

• pH 7.35, Paco2 40 mm Hg

• pH 7.50, Paco2 52 mm Hg

• pH 7.52, Paco2 28 mm Hg

The nurse is caring for a client with several broken ribs. The client is most likely to experience what type of acid-base imbalance?

• Respiratory acidosis from inadequate ventilation

• Respiratory alkalosis from anxiety and hyperventilation

• Metabolic acidosis from calcium loss due to broken bones

• Metabolic alkalosis from taking analgesics containing base products

An anxious preoperative client is at risk for developing respiratory alkalosis. The nurse would assess the client for which signs and symptoms characteristic of this disorder?

• Headache and tachypnea

• Hyperactivity and dyspnea

• Muscle twitches and cyanosis

• Light-headedness and paresthesias

A client experiencing metabolic acidosis is to be admitted to the nursing unit. The nurse plans care, knowing that what reaction is the most powerful regulator of acid-base balance?

• Buffer

• Kidney

• Cations

• Respiratory

The nurse is inserting an intravenous (IV) line into a client's vein. After the initial stick, the nurse would stop advancing the catheter in which situation?

• The catheter advances easily.

• The vein is distended under the needle.

• The client does not complain of discomfort.

• Blood return shows in the backflash chamber of the catheter.

The nurse notes that the client's intravenous (IV) site is cool, pale, and swollen and that the solution is not infusing. What is the nurse's priority action?

• Elevate the extremity.

• Remove the IV catheter.

• Assess for signs of infection.

• Decrease the rate of infusion.

The nurse is preparing a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion at the medication cart. As the nurse goes to insert the spike end of the IV tubing into the IV bag, the tubing drops and the spike end hits the top of the medication cart. The nurse would take which action?

• Obtain a new IV bag.

• Obtain new IV tubing.

• Wipe the spike end of the tubing with povidone-iodine.

• Scrub the spike end of the tubing with an alcohol swab.

A primary health care provider has written a prescription to discontinue an intravenous (IV) line. The nurse would plan to obtain which item from the unit supply area for applying pressure to the site after removing the IV catheter?

• Elastic wrap

• Sterile 2 × 2 gauze

• Adhesive bandage

• Povidone-iodine swab