WARDCLASS midterm

A lumbar puncture is used to diagnose which of the following:

• A. Infection of CNS - meningitis, encephalitis

• 
  B. Subarachnoid hemorrhage

• C. Multiple Sclerosi

• All of the above

What is the function of a three-way stopcock and manometer?

• To measure cerebrospinal fluid pressure and control the flow of CSF during the procedure.

• To clean the site and soak up any fluids.

• To collect CSF samples for various lab tests.

• To secure drapes or towels in place.

What is the rationale for obtaining baseline vital signs before the procedure?

• To provide a reference for detecting post-procedure changes.

• To ensure the procedure is appropriate and authorized.

• To enhance comfort and reduce the risk of involuntary voiding.

• 
  To maintain patient dignity.

What is the rationale for instructing the client to breathe quietly during the procedure?

• 
  To promote trust and cooperation.

• To prevent an increase in cerebrospinal fluid pressure.

• 
  To ensure accurate pressure readings.

• To enhance comfort.

What should be done after the procedure to prevent post-lumbar puncture headache?

• Send the labeled specimen containers to the laboratory.

• Make the client comfortable and observe for any untoward reactions.

• Cleanse the punctured site.

• 
  Instruct the client to lie flat on bed for at least 4 - 6 hours.

Contraindications for lumbar puncture include which of the following

• A. Increased intracranial pressure

• B. Cellulitis or skin infection

• 
  C. Blood dyscrasias, coagulopathy, or full anti-coagulant therapy

• All of the above

Patient may be placed in _____ position for a lumbar puncture

• A. Lateral recumbent - knees tucked into chest and chin to chest

• B. Sitting - on edge of bed w/ head and arms flexed over bed-side table or mayo

• C. A or B

• D. Neither A or B

Which of the following laboratory findings in cerebrospinal fluid is indicative of bacterial meningitis?

• Clear fluid with normal glucose

• Cloudy fluid with elevated protein and decreased glucose

• Xanthrochromic fluid with elevated glucose

• Red- tinged fluid with normal pressure

Which of the following findings post-lumbar tap should be reported to the physician immediately?

• mild headache relieved by lying flat

• small amount of clear drainage at puncture site

• nausea with mild dizziness

• numbness or tingling in lower extremities

Before a lumbar puncture, which diagnostic test is most important to rule out increased intracranial pressure?

• EEG

• Skull X-ray

• CT scan of the head

• Chest X-ray