IB Psychology SL approaches revision

Name one cultural dimension

Answer explanation

One cultural dimension is 'Individualism vs. Collectivism', which describes whether a culture prioritizes individual goals and autonomy or group goals and community.

which are the best studies to answer "outline one model of thinking and decision making"

• Bartlett, Brewer & Treyens, Martin & Halverson

• Kulkosfky, Sharot, Brown & Kulik

• Tversky & Kahneman, Strack & Mussweiller, Cox & Griggs

• Murdock, Milner, Glanzer & Cunitz

Answer explanation

Tversky & Kahneman, Strack & Mussweiller, and Cox & Griggs focus on cognitive biases and heuristics in decision making, making them ideal studies to outline a model of thinking and decision making.

define 'excitatory synapse'

Answer explanation

An excitatory synapse is a type of synapse that increases the likelihood of the postsynaptic neuron firing an action potential. This occurs through the release of neurotransmitters that depolarize the postsynaptic membrane.

which are the best studies to answer "explain social identity theory with reference to one study"

• Levine, Drury, Abrams

• Berry, Kulkofsky, Kearins

• Bandura, Joy & Kimball, Charlton

• Spencer, Stone, Steele & Aronson

Answer explanation

Levine, Drury, and Abrams conducted studies that effectively illustrate social identity theory by examining group behavior and identity in social contexts, making them ideal references for this theory.

outline the research method of 'experiments'

Answer explanation

Experiments involve manipulating one or more independent variables to observe their effect on a dependent variable, allowing researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships through controlled conditions.

define 'neural pruning'

Answer explanation

Neural pruning refers to the process of eliminating unnecessary neurons or synapses in the brain, enhancing efficiency and performance by optimizing neural networks, both in biological systems and artificial intelligence.

define 'acculturation'

Answer explanation

Acculturation is the process through which individuals or groups adopt the cultural traits or social patterns of another group, often as a result of prolonged contact. It involves changes in language, customs, and social practices.

which are the best studies to answer "explain social cognitive theory with reference to one study"

• Levine, Drury, Abrams

• Berry, Kulkofsky, Kearins

• Bandura, Joy & Kimball, Charlton

• Spencer, Stone, Steele & Aronson

Answer explanation

The best studies to explain social cognitive theory are Bandura's work on observational learning, Joy & Kimball's research on media influence, and Charlton's study on children's behavior, all of which illustrate key concepts of the theory.

which are the best studies to answer "with reference to one study, describe localisation of function"

• Antonova, Rogers & Kessner, Troster & Beatty

• Maguire, Draganski, Rosenzweig Bennett & Diamond

• Sharrot, Draganski, Maguire

• HM, KF, Clive Wearing

Answer explanation

Sharrot, Draganski, and Maguire provide key insights into the localisation of function through their studies on brain areas related to specific cognitive functions, making them the best choice for this question.

outline the features of each store of the MSM

Answer explanation

The MSM (Multi-Store Model) features three stores: the sensory store (briefly holds sensory information), the short-term store (temporarily holds and processes information), and the long-term store (permanently stores information for later retrieval).