Learning and Cognition 2: Thinking and Learning

Knowledge about a sequence of events is stored as a

• script

• social schema

• self-schema

• gap

What is the process of adding new information to an existing schema without the need for adjustment?

• Accommodation

• Anchoring

• Assimilation

• Intuition

Which option shows useful application of conditioning?

• smoother hair

• elimination of heuristics

• treatments for addiction and phobias

• improvement in complex cognition

What do we call the presentation of a reward to encourage the continuation of a behaviour

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Positive Punishment

• Negative Punishment

Which types of schedule of reinforcement is likely to have the fastest success?

• Ratio

• Variable

In order to imitate a behaviour, you must:

• pay attention

• be motivated

• retain the information

• be given permission

• have practised

Observing the consequences (rewards or punishments) that others experience is known as

• vicarious reinforcement

• observational reinforcement

• social reinforcement

• positive reinforcement

Which of the following describe System 2 thinking?

• Slow

• Irrational

• Error Prone

• Effortful

What is it called when we give greater credit to evidence that fits with existing beliefs

• anchoring bias

• confirmation bias

• system 2 bias

• selection bias

Which description match which part of DPM?

Groups:

(a) System 1

,

(b) System 2

• based on experience

• prone to mistakes

• useful for complex thinking

• useful in everyday thinking

• effortful

• rational

• useful in new situations

• fast

• intuitive

• slow

• based on all presented information

• takes short cuts