PE 1 Review

Which idea from the Enlightenment most directly shaped the U.S. government?

• Power should remain with a monarch

• People are born with natural rights that government must protect

• Government authority should come only from tradition

• Rulers should inherit their positions

What Enlightenment principle is reflected in the idea of “consent of the governed”?

• Citizens owe unconditional loyalty to the king

• Government power comes from the people

• The church should control the government

• The wealthy deserve more political power

Montesquieu’s influence on the U.S. Constitution is most clearly seen in:

• A strong monarchy with unchecked power

• A government divided into three branches

• A legislature that rules without limits

• An alliance between church and state

What does the Declaration of Independence say is the main reason governments are created?

• To protect the natural rights of citizens

• To maintain order through military power

• To ensure equal wealth for all people

• To regulate trade with other nations

According to Jefferson, what should happen if a government continually abuses its power?

• Citizens should accept its authority as permanent

• Citizens have the right to overthrow it

• Citizens should rely on foreign nations for protection

• Citizens must wait for the monarch to reform

In which system of government do independent states hold most of the power and give only limited authority to a central government?

• Federal

• Unitary

• Confederal

• Parliamentary

Which system of government places all key powers in a single, central authority?

• Unitary

• Federal

• Confederal

• Parliamentary

In which type of government are powers divided and shared between a national government and state governments?

• Confederal

• Federal

• Unitary

• Parliamentary

Why is the English Bill of Rights considered a foundation for limited government

• It abolished Parliament and placed all power in the king

• It required regular meetings of Parliament and guaranteed certain rights

• It banned citizens from criticizing government officials

• It required all citizens to join the military

Which American right can be traced back to the Magna Carta?

• Freedom of speech

• Due process of law

• Right to bear arms

• Federalism