Protein Synthesis Review

What is the structural difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA is single-stranded, RNA is double-stranded

• DNA contains ribose sugar, RNA contains deoxyribose sugar

• DNA is double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded

• DNA contains uracil, RNA contains thymine

Which base pairing is correct for RNA?

• A-T

• G-C

• A-U

• C-T

What is the function of tRNA?

• Carries code from DNA to ribosome

• Carries amino acids to the ribosome

• Structural component of the ribosome

• Regulates gene expression

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

• RNA → DNA → Protein

• DNA → Protein → RNA

• DNA → RNA → Protein

• Protein → RNA → DNA

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Where does transcription occur in the cell?

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Mitochondria

What occurs at the ribosome during protein synthesis?

• Transcription

• DNA replication

• Translation

• Mutation

What is the role of rRNA?

• Carries amino acids to the ribosome

• Structural component of the ribosome

• Carries code from DNA to ribosome

• Regulates gene expression

What is an example of cell specialization?

• All cells expressing the same proteins

• Nerve cells vs muscle cells expressing different proteins

• DNA replication in all cells

• Identical gene expression in all cells

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What is a silent mutation?

• A mutation that changes the amino acid sequence

• A mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence

• A mutation that deletes a nucleotide

• A mutation that inserts a nucleotide

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What is the role of gene regulation?

• To carry amino acids to the ribosome

• To ensure all cells express the same proteins

• To turn genes on or off

• To carry code from DNA to ribosome