Ethiopian Modernization and Colonial Resistance

What was a primary motivation for European powers to establish colonies in Africa during the late 19th century?

• To spread democratic ideals and governance.

• To gain access to natural resources and new markets.

• To form military alliances against Asian powers.

• To promote cultural exchange and education.

Which advancements enabled European explorers and missionaries to penetrate deeper into the African interior?

• Advanced navigation systems and satellite mapping.

• Medical breakthroughs and river steamboats.

• Hot air balloons and early automobiles.

• Improved communication through telegraph lines.

Which African nation successfully resisted European colonization and maintained its independence during the late 19th century?

• Nigeria

• Congo

• Ethiopia

• Egypt

What was a key reform implemented by Emperor Menelik II to modernize Ethiopia?

• He established a powerful navy to control trade routes.

• He introduced a Western school system and built a railway.

• He formed alliances with other African nations to expand his empire.

• He developed a new written language for the country.