Curriculum Implementation

Types of change

• Planned Change-

• Unplanned Change

• First-order Change

• Second-order Change

The nature of implementation

• Objectives

• Incrementalism

• Communication

• Support

Garba (2004) viewed curriculum implementation as the process of putting the curriculum to ....

for the achievement of the goals for which the curriculum is designed.

Stages of change include

• Awareness

• Interest

• Trial

• Adoption

Modernist Models..

• Top-down implementation (from policymakers to

  teachers)

• Values local knowledge, culture, and student

  voice

• Often uses measurable standards and

  assessments

• Clearly defined goals, objectives, and outcomes

Teacher mediation includes..

• The teacher adjusts content to suit local culture.

• The teacher simplifies the language of the syllabus for students.

• A teacher in a rural school might modify an ICT unit due to lack of

  computers.

• A teacher may integrate local stories into a language curriculum to

  increase student engagement.

Policy makers :

• Set national standards, goals,

  and values to be achieved.

• Led by Ministry of Education

  (KPM) and Curriculum

  Development Division (BPK).

• Monitor children’s progress

  and communicate with

  schools.

• Provide feedback, mentoring,

  and support to teachers and

  principals.

Factors affecting implementation:

• teacher beliefs

• teacher mediation

• resources (other factors)

• supervisor