Pretest Histologi Blok 3.2 Genitourinaria

A histological slide shows a structure with numerous renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules, appearing darker than the adjacent region composed of parallel straight tubules. Which part of the kidney is being observed?

• Renal medulla

• Renal pelvis

• Renal cortex

• Renal papilla

• Renal pyramid

A renal biopsy reveals structures composed of a glomerulus enclosed by Bowman’s capsule, followed by proximal and distal convoluted tubules. What is the name of this entire structural and functional unit?

• Lobule

• Nephron

• Renal pyramid

• Renal papilla

• Juxtaglomerular complex

During microscopic examination of a ureter, the epithelium consists of several layers, with large dome-shaped surface cells that can flatten when stretched. What is the correct term for this epithelium?

• Stratified squamous epithelium

• Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

• Transitional (urothelium) epithelium

• Simple cuboidal epithelium

• Simple columnar epithelium

In the urinary bladder, umbrella cells are bi- or multinucleated and contain uroplakin plaques in their apical membranes. What is their main function?

• Secretion of mucus for lubrication

• Protection from hyperosmotic urine

• Regulation of smooth muscle contraction

• Absorption of ions and water

• Initiation of peristaltic movement

A histological slide from the epididymis shows pseudostratified columnar epithelium with long, branched, non-motile stereocilia. What is the main function of these structures?

• Propel sperm by ciliary motion

• Absorb excess fluid and debris

• Secrete testosterone

• Initiate spermatogenesis

• Form the blood-testis barrier

In a testicular section, tall columnar cells extending from the basement membrane to the lumen form tight junctions that isolate developing germ cells. Which of the following describes their primary function?

• Secretion of testosterone

• Support and nourish developing spermatogenic cells

• Production of seminal plasma

• Regulation of blood pressure in seminiferous tubules

• Formation of rete testis channels

Clusters of polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and lipid droplets are found between seminiferous tubules. What is the major hormone produced by these cells?

• Inhibin

• Follicle-stimulating hormone

• Testosterone

• Luteinizing hormone

• Androgen-binding protein

A glandular tissue sample shows highly folded mucosa lined by simple to pseudostratified columnar epithelium, secreting fructose-rich, yellowish fluid. Which structure is this?

• Prostate gland

• Bulbourethral gland

• Epididymis

• Seminal vesicle

• Vas deferens

A pair of small glands located inferior to the prostate produce a clear mucus-like fluid during sexual arousal. What is the main purpose of this secretion?

• Provide energy for sperm

• Neutralize residual urine acidity

• Liquefy semen

• Stimulate testosterone release

• Initiate sperm motility

A milky secretion containing citric acid, PSA, and proteolytic enzymes is observed. What is the primary role of this secretion?

• Promote semen coagulation

• Provide energy for sperm

• Facilitate semen liquefaction

• Neutralize vaginal acidity

• Lubricate the penile urethra