1. Which action best demonstrates professional accountability in nursing practice?

• Completing documentation accurately and timely
• Delegating all charting to unlicensed personnel
• Avoiding feedback from supervisors
• Relying solely on experience rather than evidence-based practice

Answer explanation

Nurses demonstrate accountability by accurately documenting care and adhering to standards of practice.

2. The nurse advocates for a patient by ensuring informed consent is obtained before a procedure. This reflects which ethical principle?

• Beneficence
• Autonomy
• Justice
• Fidelity

Answer explanation

Autonomy involves respecting the patient’s right to make informed decisions about their own care.

3. Which statement by a nurse demonstrates therapeutic communication?

• “I know exactly how you feel.”
• “Tell me more about what’s worrying you today.”
• “Don’t worry; everything will be fine.”
• “Let’s not talk about that now.”

Answer explanation

Open-ended questions encourage patient expression and active listening.

4. When assessing a patient, which data is considered subjective?

• Temperature 101°F
• “I feel nauseated.”
• Blood pressure 140/80
• Urine output 400 mL

Answer explanation

Subjective data comes from the patient’s perspective or verbal report.

5. Which documentation entry is most appropriate?

• “Patient seems better today.”
• “Patient ambulated 30 feet with walker, tolerated well.”
• “Patient being lazy, refuses to move.”
• “Probably improving, no complaints.”

Answer explanation

Charting should be factual, specific, and objective, avoiding opinion or bias.

6. The nurse knows the best position to prevent aspiration during enteral feeding is:

• Supine
• High Fowler’s
• Prone
• Trendelenburg

Answer explanation

Elevating the head of bed 30–45° reduces risk of aspiration.

7. A patient on bedrest complains of constipation. The most appropriate nursing action is to:

• Encourage high-protein diet
• Increase fluid and fiber intake
• Limit ambulation
• Restrict fluids

Answer explanation

Fluids and fiber stimulate bowel motility, preventing constipation in immobile patients.

8. Which is an example of an independent nursing intervention?

• Administering IV antibiotics
• Teaching deep breathing exercises
• Starting oxygen therapy
• Changing IV fluids

Answer explanation

Teaching is a nurse-initiated intervention that requires no provider order.

9. Which nursing action best prevents pressure injuries in a bed-bound patient?

• Reposition every 2 hours
• Encourage low-protein diet
• Limit fluid intake
• Avoid use of pillows

Answer explanation

Frequent repositioning reduces pressure and promotes circulation.

10. A patient becomes upset and refuses care. What is the nurse’s best initial action?

• Force the care
• Leave the patient alone
• Ask the patient to explain their feelings
• Call security

Answer explanation

Exploring the patient’s emotions shows empathy and promotes communication.