ELAKC - Asynchronous 10/24/25

What does Clifford Geertz in his "Culture as Meaning-Making Theory" emphasize as the main role of culture in learning?

• It enables learners to express meanings through artistic and musical symbols.

• It focuses on the psychological processes behind artistic production.

• It examines the emotional experiences involved in creative expression.

• It teaches learners how to memorize and recall symbolic forms.

Who proposed that music should be understood as an active verb in his "Musicking Theory"?

• Ken Robinson, who viewed creativity as an educational necessity.

• Christopher Small, who viewed music as a participatory human act.

• Elliot Eisner, who viewed art as a discipline for all learners.

• Frank Abrahams, who viewed music as a means of social critique.

What does Ken Robinson in his "Creative Schools Philosophy" identify as the central purpose of creativity in education?

• It encourages competition among students for artistic recognition.

• It restricts learning to individual imagination and independence.

• It helps learners discover talents and develop critical and adaptive skills.

• It focuses on reproducing traditional techniques and memorization.

Who advanced the "Discipline-Based Art Education Approach" focusing on art production, history, criticism, and aesthetics?

• John Dewey, who linked aesthetics with labor and leisure in education.

• Abigail Housen, who studied the stages of aesthetic understanding.

• Vladimir Zhukovskiy, who examined the functions of visual thinking.

• Elliot Eisner, who integrated multiple art disciplines for holistic learning.

What is the key contribution of Sister Corita Kent in her "Visual Culture Art Education Approach"?

• It integrates mass media and popular culture to make learning relevant.

• It discourages the use of everyday images in classroom settings.

• It focuses mainly on classical fine art appreciation and analysis.

• It limits student expression to traditional visual compositions.

How does Vladimir Zhukovskiy in his "Visual Thinking Theory" describe the learning process?

• As memorizing visual forms for the development of mental recall.

• As combining multiple meanings of images into cohesive understanding.

• As creating abstract patterns unrelated to cognitive learning.

• As repeating visual exercises for technical improvement.

What is the primary goal of Abigail Housen in her "Aesthetic Development Theory"?

• To define the physical skills required for artistic performance.

• To describe predictable stages of understanding in viewing artworks.

• To emphasize the memorization of famous artists and styles.

• To classify art solely by its emotional and sensory appeal.

Why does UNESCO’s "Tangible and Intangible Heritage Education Program" integrate cultural heritage into schools?

• To restrict local traditions to specialized heritage courses.

• To preserve heritage separately from general education systems.

• To enhance learning outcomes through appreciation of diversity.

• To encourage learners to focus only on national customs.

What is the central belief of Frank Abrahams in his "Critical Pedagogy in Music Education"?

• Teachers and learners engage equally in creating and analyzing music.

• Teachers maintain control of knowledge and learners imitate passively.

• Students focus on mastering techniques without cultural reflection.

• Music is separated from social and cultural responsibilities.

What goal did Cathy Benedict and colleagues stress in "The Oxford Handbook of Social Justice in Music Education"?

• Promoting youth empowerment and equitable musical participation.

• Reinforcing traditional hierarchies in classical music education.

• Limiting creativity to elite conservatory-based instruction.

• Emphasizing performance grades over cultural awareness.