9-1 Opposing Sides: Initial Factors and Political Challenges

At the start of the Civil War, about how many U.S. Army and Marine officers—approximately one-third of the total—resigned their commissions to join the Confederacy?

• 131

• 213

• 313

• 513

• 913

Which side initially gained most of the U.S. Navy’s officers and kept most warships under its control?

• Confederacy

• Union

• Border states

• France

• Britain

In 1860, seven of the eight U.S. military colleges or academies were located in which region?

• North

• South

• West

• Border states

• Pacific Coast

Which Union strategy early in the war hurt the Southern economy by reducing trade and revenue?

• Anaconda land campaign

• Naval blockade of Southern ports

• Occupation of Richmond

• Seizure of Texas cotton

• Allied French intervention

Within Lincoln’s own party at the war’s outset, who wanted slavery totally abolished from the start?

• Peace Democrats

• Copperheads

• Abolitionists in the Republican Party

• Border Unionists

• Know-Nothings

A key point of disagreement between Republicans and Democrats during the war was the use of conscription. What is conscription?

• Government purchase of war supplies

• The forcing of people into military service

• The suspension of trials by jury

• A tax on imported goods

• The emancipation of enslaved people

When the writ of habeas corpus is suspended, what can happen to a person who is arrested?

• They must be released within 24 hours

• They are tried by a military tribunal immediately

• They can be imprisoned indefinitely without a trial

• They are deported to another state

• They receive automatic bail

Against whom did Lincoln suspend the writ of habeas corpus to enforce militia law?

• Foreign diplomats

• Union soldiers who deserted

• Anyone openly supporting the rebels or encouraging resistance to the militia draft

• All newspaper editors

• State governors

Which constitutional emphasis limited the Confederate central government and often interfered with Jefferson Davis’s ability to conduct the war?

• Federal supremacy

• Judicial review

• States’ rights

• National sovereignty

• Popular sovereignty

Which two measures by Davis faced opposition from many Southern leaders despite their support for the war?

• Emancipation and tariffs

• Conscription and martial law

• Income tax and currency reform

• Abolition and blockades

• Railroad nationalization and draft riots