Chapter 15: Chemical Texture Services

All of the following are reasons to study chemical texture services EXCEPT:

• Texture services are in high demand because they allow clients to follow popular hairstyle trends by changing the texture of their hair.

• Cosmetologists who understand how to perform texture services can meet client expectations while safely treating their hair.

• Salons require cosmetologists who perform haircolor services to also perform texture services as a condition of employment.

• Texture services require frequent maintenance, which leads to profitable and recurring appointments.

How do chemical hair relaxers work?

• They break the hydrogen bonds, which are responsible for the hair’s texture, in order to change the hair from straight to curly, or curly to straight.

• They increase the hair’s pH balance to an alkaline state, which raises the cuticle layer and allows the relaxer to reach the cortex, where restructuring takes place.

• They decrease the hair’s pH balance to an alkaline state, allowing the relaxer to reach the hair follicle, which restructures the hair’s texture.

• They repair broken disulfide bonds that attach to the natural keratin found in hair fibers to permanently restructure the hair’s shape.

Hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair by removing one of the bonded sulfur atoms in a disulfide bond. What is the name of this process?

• lanthionization

• thio neutralization

• thermal reconditioning

• keratin smoothing

A client wants to straighten coarse hair. The client mentions that their hair often seems frizzy and is concerned that if their hair loses all its curl it might look even frizzier. The client also seems hesitant to make a permanent change. Which service should the cosmetologist recommend?

• soft curl perm

• low-pH relaxer

• Jheri curl

• keratin treatment

When using relaxer products, why should the cosmetologist avoid using metal clips?

• They can get hot when used with a relaxer that requires heat to process.

• They could cause a chemical reaction when used with a relaxer.

• They break easily and tend to rust with repeated washes.

• They make it more difficult to detangle the hair without pulling.

Under which of the following conditions can a texture service be performed?

• A strand analysis indicates the hair has low porosity and high elasticity.

• A patch test shows mild redness on the scalp and the client reports slight itching.

• A metallic salts test indicates the presence of metallic salts in the hair is minimal.

• A scalp analysis identifies fewer than six blemishes or abrasions on the scalp.

When using a virgin relaxer, apply the relaxer to the ________.

• midshaft first then scalp then ends

• scalp and midshaft first and then the ends

• ends first and then the scalp and midshaft

• midshaft and ends first and then the scalp

A hair analysis indicates the client has non-porous hair. Which perm type should the cosmetologist recommend?

• true acid wave

• thio-free wave

• alkaline/cold wave

• low-pH wave

What is the active ingredient in acid waves?

• monoethanolamine (MEA)

• ammonium thioglycolate (ATG)

• glycerol monothioglycolate (GMTG)

• aminomethylpropanol (AMP)

How do alkaline perms differ from acid perms?

• Alkaline perms have a higher pH.

• Alkaline perms work best on color-treated hair.

• Alkaline perms alter the hair temporarily.

• Alkaline perms use GMTG as the active ingredient.