7.5 Group 4A Elements: Overview and General Properties

Which set lists the Group 4A (Group 14/IVA) elements correctly?

• Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead

• Carbon, Silicon, Phosphorus, Tin, Lead

• Carbon, Boron, Germanium, Tin, Lead

• Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Mercury

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Group 4A elements are located where on the periodic table according to the material?

• Middle-right of the periodic table

• Far-left of the periodic table

• Top-right corner of the periodic table

• Bottom row only of the periodic table

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Identify the number of valence electrons shared by all Group 4A elements.

• Two valence electrons

• Four valence electrons

• Six valence electrons

• Eight valence electrons

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Which statement best describes the general electronegativity of Group 4A elements?

• They typically have high electronegativities and readily gain electrons.

• They typically have low electronegativities and do not strongly attract other atoms' electrons.

• They have variable electronegativities that are always higher than halogens.

• They have the highest electronegativities of all groups.

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As you move down Group 4A, how does metallic character change?

• Elements become less metallic and more insulating.

• Elements become more metallic, with better conductivity and malleability.

• Metallic character stays the same throughout the group.

• Elements become nonmetals with no metallic luster.

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Match each term to its description related to charges and ions.

• Atom with a positive charge such as +2 or +4

• Oxidation state

• Numerical value indicating electron loss or gain such as +4, +2, or −4

• Cation

• Atom with a negative charge such as −4

• Anion

Which oxidation states are commonly observed in Group 4A elements as described?

• +4

• +2

• 0

• −4

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What general bonding behavior do most Group 4A elements exhibit?

• They primarily form metallic bonds.

• They commonly form covalent bonds by sharing valence electrons.

• They only form ionic bonds by transferring electrons.

• They do not form bonds.

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Which statement correctly contrasts the top vs. bottom of Group 4A regarding oxidation states?

• Top elements tend to be +2, bottom elements tend to be +4.

• Top elements tend to be +4, bottom elements tend to be +2.

• Both top and bottom elements are always −4.

• Top elements are neutral while bottom elements are always ionic.

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Carbon is described as the only nonmetal in Group 4A. Which property does it most often show in bonding?

• Forms covalent bonds by sharing electrons

• Forms metallic bonds with a shiny luster

• Forms only ionic bonds with complete electron transfer

• Does not bond with other atoms

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