Ecological Relationships Part 1

Which of the following best defines a 'species' in ecological hierarchy?

• A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

• All the organisms living in a particular area.

• A collection of different populations interacting in an environment.

• The entire living and nonliving components of a region.

Given the examples 'a squirrel' and 'all the squirrels in the woods,' which level of ecological hierarchy does each represent?

• 'A squirrel' represents species, and 'all the squirrels in the woods' represents population.

• 'A squirrel' represents population, and 'all the squirrels in the woods' represents species.

• Both examples represent the same level of ecological hierarchy.

• Neither example represents a level of ecological hierarchy.

Arrange the following levels of ecological hierarchy in order from smallest to largest: Species, Population, Community, Ecosystem. Which example matches each level?

• Species: a squirrel; Population: all the squirrels in the woods; Community: all the organisms in the woods; Ecosystem: the woods including living and nonliving things.

• Species: all the squirrels in the woods; Population: a squirrel; Community: the woods including living and nonliving things; Ecosystem: all the organisms in the woods.

• Species: the woods including living and nonliving things; Population: all the organisms in the woods; Community: a squirrel; Ecosystem: all the squirrels in the woods.

• Species: all the organisms in the woods; Population: the woods including living and nonliving things; Community: all the squirrels in the woods; Ecosystem: a squirrel.

Which of the following is a biotic factor?

• Fungi

• Air with changing temperature and humidity

• Minerals found in soil

• Light from the sun

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Abiotic factors are nonliving components of an environment. Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor?

• Water

• Animals

• Soil

• Humidity

What is the term for a series of steps in an ecosystem where organisms transfer energy from one organism to another, as shown in the diagram with the sun, grass, grasshopper, bird, and fox?

• Food chain

• Energy cycle with multiple producers and consumers

• Nutrient web with decomposers

• Photosynthesis pathway

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Which of the following organisms is an example of an autotroph?

• Algae

• Butterfly

• Fungi

• Raccoon

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What is the main difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

• Autotrophs produce their own food, while heterotrophs must obtain food from other sources.

• Autotrophs hunt for food, while heterotrophs make their own food.

• Autotrophs and heterotrophs both produce their own food.

• Autotrophs are always animals, while heterotrophs are always plants.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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Which of the following lists correctly shows the trophic levels of a food chain in order from bottom to top?

• Producers, Primary consumer, Secondary consumer, Tertiary consumer, Quaternary consumer

• Quaternary consumer, Tertiary consumer, Secondary consumer, Primary consumer, Producers

• Primary consumer, Producers, Secondary consumer, Tertiary consumer, Quaternary consumer

• Producers, Secondary consumer, Primary consumer, Tertiary consumer, Quaternary consumer

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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In an energy pyramid or food chain, which level contains the most energy?

• Producers

• Primary consumers

• Secondary consumers

• Top consumers

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