antiobiotics medical interventions

A __________________________ is a small piece of DNA, separate from the chromosome

• chromosome

• pilli

• plasmid

• nucleoid

Answer explanation

A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that exists independently of chromosomal DNA in bacteria. Unlike chromosomes, plasmids can replicate independently and often carry genes that provide advantages, such as antibiotic resistance.

__________________________ are responsible for making proteins in the bacterial cell.

Answer explanation

Ribosomes are the cellular structures in bacterial cells that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, making them essential for protein production.

The __________________________ controls what enters and leaves the bacterial cell.

Answer explanation

The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the bacterial cell by acting as a selective barrier, allowing certain substances to pass while blocking others, thus maintaining the cell's internal environment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

__________________________ are hairlike structures that allow bacteria to move.

Answer explanation

Flagella are the hairlike structures that enable bacteria to move. They act like propellers, allowing bacteria to swim through liquids, making them essential for mobility.

__________________________ assist bacteria in attaching to surfaces and host cells, which is important for infection.

Answer explanation

Pili are hair-like structures on the surface of bacteria that facilitate attachment to surfaces and host cells, playing a crucial role in the infection process.

The Gram staining method was developed by

• Einstein

• Gram

• Christian

• Watson

Answer explanation

The Gram staining method was developed by Hans Christian Gram, a Danish bacteriologist. This technique is crucial for classifying bacteria based on their cell wall properties, making 'Gram' the correct answer.

Gram positive bacteria appear what color?

• RED

• BLUE

• YELLOW

• GREEN

Answer explanation

Gram positive bacteria retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining procedure, which gives them a blue color. Therefore, the correct answer is BLUE.

WHICH CLASS OF ANTIBIOTICS INHIBIT THE BUILDING OF THE CELL WALL?

• B-LACTAMS

• FLUOROQUINOLONES

• TETRACYCLINES

• SULFONAMIDES

Answer explanation

B-lactams, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, inhibit the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, making them effective antibiotics. Other classes like fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines target different bacterial functions.

TETRACYCLINES DO WHAT TO BACTERIA?

• PREVENT DNA BEING MADE

• BLOCK FOLIC ACID FROM BEING MADE

• INHIBIT PROTEIN SYNTHEIS

• INHIBIT THE CELL WALL

Answer explanation

Tetracyclines inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to the ribosomal subunit, preventing the translation of mRNA into proteins. This action disrupts bacterial growth and reproduction.

WHICH ANTIBIOTIC INHIBITS FOLIC ACID FROM BEING MADE

• TETRACYCLINES

• FLUOROQUINOLONE

• B LACTAM

• SULFONAMIDES

Answer explanation

SULFONAMIDES inhibit the synthesis of folic acid in bacteria by blocking the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase, which is crucial for folate production. This action is essential for bacterial growth and replication.