AP Psych 3.1-3.5 F+C

emerging adulthood

• a period from about age 18 to the mid-twenties, when many in Western cultures are no longer adolescents but have not yet achieved full independence as adults

• a specific time in development when certain skills or abilities are most easily learned

• a relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence from the presence of his or her caregiver

• the caution and wariness displayed by infants when encountering an unfamiliar person

critical period

• a specific time in development when certain skills or abilities are most easily learned

• a period of inner conflict during which adolescents worry intensely about who they are

• first trimester

• research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period

developmental psychology

• the study of continuity and change across the life span

• the study of adulthood, from the 20s through old age

• the study of the child, from birth to adolescence

• the study of individual psychological differences

teratogens

• The process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life

• Events that produce physical and psychological demands on a person

• A group of alcohol-related birth defects that include physical and mental problems

• Agents that damage the process of development, such as drugs and viruses

insecure attachment

• upset when caregiver leaves

• attachments marked by discomfort over, or resistance to, being close to others

• secure attachment

• attachments marked by anxiety or ambivalence

secure attachment

• a relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence from the presence of his or her caregiver

• when reunited with caregiver, able to use caregiver to calm down

• relationship in which, after a brief separation, infants want to be held but are difficult to console

• attachments marked by anxiety or ambivalence

object permanence

• the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus

• adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information

• quantity remains constant even if the appearance of objects changes

• the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

accommodation

• making up the rules as you go

• doing what you think is best

• adapting our current understandings to incorporate new information

• making friends with the boss

assimilation

• changing a scheme as a result of some new information

• adapting to new environments

• interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

• changing existing schemas to accommodate new information

schema

• a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

• a framework that offers children temporary support as they develop higher levels of thinking

• a concept or framework that organizes information

• a concept or framework that organizes and uses information