Prokaryotes and Archaea: Cell Structure and Classification

A scientist is studying various organisms in the rainforest. The scientist collects one species and takes it back to the lab for further studies. The scientist finds that DNA floats freely in the species, and it lacks a nucleus. It was also found in an environment that was approximately 100 degrees Celsius. Which kingdom does the organism likely belong to?

• Eubacteria, because it is a prokaryote that does not live in extreme environments

• Archaea, because it is a eukaryote that does not live in extreme environments

• Eubacteria, because it is a eukaryote that lives in an extreme environment

• Archaea, because it is a prokaryote that lives in an extreme environment

Which part of the organism contains the genetic material?

• Cell wall

• Cell membrane

• Genetic material

• Cytoplasm

What is the main difference between eubacteria and archaea?

• Eubacteria have a nucleus, archaea do not

• Archaea live in extreme environments, eubacteria usually do not

• Eubacteria are multicellular, archaea are unicellular

• Archaea have mitochondria, eubacteria do not

Why is the DNA in the organism described as "floating freely"?

• It is not attached to the cell wall

• It is not contained within a nucleus

• It is outside the cell

• It is part of the cell membrane

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotes?

• Lack of a nucleus

• Presence of a cell wall

• DNA contained in a nucleus

• Simple cell structure

Which of the following statements best describes a prokaryote?

• An organism with a nucleus

• An organism without a nucleus

• An organism with mitochondria

• An organism with chloroplasts

Which structure in the diagram is responsible for protecting the cell and giving it shape?

• Cell wall

• Cell membrane

• Genetic material

• Ribosome

Which of the following is true about the genetic material in prokaryotes?

• It is found inside a nucleus

• It is found floating freely in the cytoplasm

• It is found in mitochondria

• It is found in chloroplasts

Which of the following is NOT found in the diagram of the organism?

• Cell wall

• Cell membrane

• Genetic material

• Nucleus

What evidence would help a scientist determine if an organism is a prokaryote?

• Presence of a nucleus

• Absence of a nucleus and freely floating DNA

• Presence of mitochondria

• Presence of chloroplasts