ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE FINAL EXAM

Which type of survivorship curve would best reflect humans?

• Type 1

• Type 2

• Type 3

biodiversity is measured by

• random quadrat sampling

• height of vegetation

• richness and evenness

• health of keystone species

How much of the energy in each level of a ecological pyramid gets lost as heat or used by the organism so that it cannot be passed on to the next trophic level?

• 80%
• 90%
• 10%
• 20%

How does kudzu impact the environment?

• Kudzu vines provide shade for trees, helping them grow.

• Kudzu vines climb over trees, blocking sunlight and causing trees to die.

• Kudzu vines improve soil quality for native plants.

• Kudzu vines do not affect other plants.

Anika, Avery, and Nora are discussing the main cause of species endangerment in their science class. What do they conclude is the primary reason?

• Climate change

• Predation

• Habitat loss

• Genetic mutations

Scarlett is studying the effects of trees on the temperature of her neighborhood. She learns that vegetation (especially trees) have a low albedo. Why do trees have little impact on the overall temperature of an area?

• Since trees absorb energy, they keep the energy from entering the atmosphere.

• Trees are living things and albedo is mostly impacted by abiotic things like ice and water.

• Having a low albedo means that trees reflect a lot of sunlight preventing the Earth from being warmed.

• The effects of a lower albedo is countered by evaporative cooling as trees transpire.

Noah is studying the phosphorus cycle for his environmental science class. He wants to know which of the following statements is true about how phosphorus moves through the environment.

Which of the following statements is true of the phosphorus cycle?

• Phosphorus enters the atmosphere as phosphates.

• The phosphorus cycle utilizes the processes of erosion, and weathering.

• Phosphates are used in carbohydrate and glucose storage.

• The phosphorus cycle utilizes bacteria to breakdown phosphates and make them available for plants.

What would happen to the carrying capacity graph if there was a drought?

• It would stay the same.

• The carrying capacity would increase (the dotted line would go higher).

• Th carrying capacity would decrease (the dotted line would go lower).

During a visit to a coastal area, Elijah observes mangrove trees and learns about their unique adaptations. Which of the following is not true about mangrove trees?

• their leaves excrete excess salt from brackish (mixture of salt and fresh) water

• their large roots cause erosion

• their roots provide shelter for fish and shark species

• mangroves trees are threatened by tourism and shrimp farming

In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?

• Producers
• Carnivores
• Herbivores
• Top Predator