Exploring Bonding Models and Lewis Structures

What is a scientific model?

• A conceptual idea only

• A physical object only

• Anything that represents something else

• A three-dimensional object

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Why are models important in science?

• They are always accurate

• They help us understand complex concepts

• They replace reality

• They are perfect representations

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What is the main idea behind the ball-and-stick model?

• Atoms are sticky

• Atoms are connected by little sticks

• Atoms are perfectly spherical

• Atoms are in constant motion

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What did early scientists like Isaac Newton believe about atoms?

• Atoms were in constant motion

• Atoms were connected by electrons

• Atoms had tiny hooks or were sticky

• Atoms were perfectly spherical

What is a Lewis structure?

• A two-dimensional model representing covalent bonds

• A model with tiny hooks

• A three-dimensional model

• A model showing atoms as sticky

In a Lewis structure, what do lines represent?

• Ionic bonds

• Covalent bonds

• Valence electrons

• Inner electrons

What is the octet rule?

• Atoms are most stable with six valence electrons

• Atoms are most stable with two valence electrons

• Atoms are most stable with eight valence electrons

• Atoms are most stable with twelve valence electrons

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What is the maximum number of covalent bonds an atom can form?

• Five

• Two

• Three

• Four

Who applied quantum mechanics to chemical bonds?

• Niels Bohr

• Linus Pauling

• Gilbert Lewis

• Isaac Newton

What did Linus Pauling's model of chemical bonding involve?

• Overlap of electron clouds

• Sticky atoms

• Atoms with tiny hooks

• Perfectly spherical atoms