Exploring Trends in the Periodic Table

What is the octet rule?

• Atoms aim to have eight energy levels.

• Atoms aim to have eight protons.

• Atoms aim to have eight valence electrons.

• Atoms aim to have eight neutrons.

Why do small elements like helium only need two valence electrons?

• They are not stable with more than two electrons.

• They have only one proton.

• They have only one energy level.

• Their innermost ring can only hold two electrons.

How is atomic radius measured?

• By measuring the distance from the nucleus to the edge of the electron cloud.

• By measuring the distance between two nuclei and dividing by two.

• By counting the number of protons in the nucleus.

• By measuring the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron.

What happens to atomic radius as you go down a group?

• It stays the same.

• It fluctuates.

• It increases.

• It decreases.

Why does atomic radius decrease as you go across a period?

• Because the electron cloud expands.

• Because the number of protons and electrons decreases.

• Because the number of energy levels decreases.

• Because the added protons pull the electrons closer.

What is electronegativity?

• The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond.

• The ability of an atom to lose electrons.

• The ability of an atom to repel electrons.

• The ability of an atom to form bonds.

Which element is the most electronegative?

• Chlorine

• Nitrogen

• Oxygen

• Fluorine

How does reactivity change for metals as you go down a group?

• It fluctuates.

• It decreases.

• It increases.

• It stays the same.

How does reactivity change for non-metals as you go up a group?

• It fluctuates.

• It increases.

• It stays the same.

• It decreases.

Why is fluorine the most reactive non-metal?

• Because it has the largest atomic radius.

• Because it has the most neutrons.

• Because it has the most protons.

• Because it is highly electronegative and easily accepts electrons.