Dialysis Concepts and Complications

Dialysis is a treatment for patients with kidney failure, involving two main types: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis filters blood through a machine, requiring vascular access and anticoagulants. Peritoneal dialysis uses the peritoneum in the abdomen as a filter, offering more flexibility but with a risk of infections. Both methods aim to remove waste and balance electrolytes in the blood.

What is the primary purpose of dialysis?

• To increase blood pressure

• To reduce blood sugar levels

• To enhance kidney function

• To remove wastes from the blood

Which type of dialysis involves filtering blood outside the body?

• Continuous renal replacement therapy

• Automated peritoneal dialysis

• Hemodialysis

• Peritoneal dialysis

What is created during the preparation for regular hemodialysis treatments?

• A catheter

• A vascular access

• A dialysis machine

• A synthetic kidney

What is the role of the semipermeable membranes in hemodialysis?

• To allow large molecules to pass

• To block all molecules

• To allow only small molecules to pass

• To increase blood flow

Which substance is commonly added to dialysis fluid to prevent blood clotting?

• Heparin

• Erythropoietin

• Bicarbonate

• Potassium

How often is hemodialysis typically performed?

• Three times a week

• Daily

• Twice a week

• Once a week

In peritoneal dialysis, where is the dialysis fluid introduced?

• Into the bloodstream

• Into the abdominal cavity

• Into the kidneys

• Into the bladder

What serves as the natural filtering membrane in peritoneal dialysis?

• The kidneys

• The liver

• The peritoneum

• The lungs

Which type of dialysis offers more flexibility and is better tolerated by patients?

• Hemodialysis

• Peritoneal dialysis

• Continuous renal replacement therapy

• None of the above

What is a common complication associated with peritoneal dialysis?

• Blood infection

• Thrombosis

• Abdominal infections

• Internal bleeding