Pulmonary Pharmacology [Part 1] | Bronchoconstriction & Bronchodilation Mechanisms

The video explains the balance between bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction, focusing on the physiological processes and pathways involved. It covers the sympathetic nervous system's role in bronchodilation through adrenergic pathways and norepinephrine release, and the parasympathetic system's role in bronchoconstriction via cholinergic pathways and acetylcholine. The video also discusses the enzymes and proteins involved, such as myosin light chain kinase, and sets the stage for future videos on drug effects.

What is the primary function of bronchodilation?

• To close the airways completely

• To increase the diameter of airways

• To reduce airflow into the lungs

• To decrease the diameter of airways

Which nervous system is primarily responsible for bronchodilation?

• Sympathetic nervous system

• Peripheral nervous system

• Central nervous system

• Parasympathetic nervous system

What type of receptors are involved in the sympathetic response for bronchodilation?

• Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors

• Beta 1 adrenergic receptors

• Muscarinic receptors

• Beta 2 adrenergic receptors

What molecule acts as a second messenger in the sympathetic response?

• Cyclic AMP

• GTP

• Cyclic GMP

• ATP

What is the role of protein kinase A in bronchodilation?

• To activate myosin light chain kinase

• To bind to adrenergic receptors

• To release norepinephrine

• To inhibit myosin light chain kinase

Which nerve is primarily involved in the parasympathetic response for bronchoconstriction?

• Optic nerve

• Vagus nerve

• Facial nerve

• Trigeminal nerve

What enzyme is activated by cyclic GMP in the parasympathetic response?

• Guanylate cyclase

• Protein kinase G

• Adenylate cyclase

• Protein kinase A

What is the role of calmodulin in the parasympathetic response?

• To bind calcium and activate calmodulin-dependent protein kinase

• To bind to adrenergic receptors

• To inhibit myosin light chain kinase

• To activate protein kinase A

What is the main regulatory enzyme in the balance between bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction?

• Guanylate cyclase

• Adenylate cyclase

• Protein kinase A

• Myosin light chain kinase

How does the sympathetic nervous system achieve bronchodilation?

• By activating myosin light chain kinase

• By inhibiting myosin light chain kinase

• By releasing acetylcholine

• By increasing calcium influx