Political Philosophy Part 1: Machiavelli, Rousseau, and Smith

The video explores the evolution of modern philosophy, focusing on key figures like Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Adam Smith. It discusses Machiavelli's pragmatic political philosophy, Hobbes' social contract theory, Locke's emphasis on individual rights and separation of powers, Rousseau's democratic ideals, and Smith's economic theories. The tutorial highlights the impact of societal changes on philosophical thought and the development of political and economic systems.

What is the main idea behind Machiavelli's concept of virtue?

• Adherence to traditional values

• A set of political attributes to maintain power

• Religious devotion and piety

• Moral excellence in leadership

According to Hobbes, what is the role of the Leviathan?

• To encourage economic growth

• To maintain civil society through overwhelming power

• To promote individual freedom

• To ensure religious harmony

What did John Locke believe about a government that does not respect individual rights?

• It should be supported

• It should be overthrown

• It should be ignored

• It should be reformed

What did Montesquieu add to the separation of powers?

• The legislative branch

• The sovereign branch

• The executive branch

• The judicial branch

How did Rousseau's view of the state of nature differ from Hobbes'?

• Rousseau saw it as a place of economic prosperity

• Rousseau saw it as a time of religious enlightenment

• Rousseau saw it as peaceful and harmonious

• Rousseau saw it as chaotic and violent

What is the basis of Adam Smith's concept of the invisible hand?

• Government intervention

• Divine moral sentiment

• Market monopolies

• Economic regulations

What did Adam Smith believe about the role of government in the economy?

• It should control all financial transactions

• It should focus on religious institutions

• It should heavily regulate markets

• It should be minimal to avoid interference