Exercise Physiology | mTORC1 and Muscle Protein Synthesis

The video explains the role of mTORC1 in muscle protein synthesis and hypertrophy. It details how amino acids, particularly leucine and arginine, activate mTORC1, which is crucial for muscle growth. The video also covers the mechanisms of mTORC1 activation, including the involvement of Gator proteins and Rag GTPases. Additionally, it discusses the functions of mTORC1 in stimulating protein synthesis and inhibiting autophagy, highlighting the importance of amino acids and other factors like glucose and growth factors in this process.

What is the primary role of mTORC1 in muscle cells?

• To transport glucose

• To synthesize muscle proteins

• To inhibit muscle growth

• To degrade muscle proteins

Which organelle is crucial for the activation of mTORC1?

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

• Lysosome

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

Which amino acids are particularly important for mTORC1 translocation?

• Glycine and Alanine

• Serine and Glutamine

• Arginine and Lysine

• Leucine and Valine

How does leucine affect the mTORC1 activation pathway?

• It binds to the lysosome

• It inhibits the inhibition of Gator 2

• It activates Sestrin 2

• It inhibits Gator 1 directly

What is the role of Rag proteins in mTORC1 activation?

• They degrade mTORC1

• They inhibit mTORC1

• They bind and recruit mTORC1

• They transport amino acids

Which amino acid is crucial for the activation of REB in mTORC1 pathway?

• Serine

• Glutamine

• Arginine

• Leucine

What are the three key requirements for mTORC1 activation?

• Presence of glucose, active Rag proteins, active REB

• Translocation to Golgi, active Rag proteins, active REB

• Presence of insulin, active Rag proteins, active REB

• Translocation to lysosome, active Rag proteins, active REB

What is one of the functions of mTORC1 in muscle cells?

• To stimulate protein synthesis

• To increase protein degradation

• To decrease glucose uptake

• To inhibit protein synthesis

How does glucose influence mTORC1 activation?

• Through insulin signaling

• By increasing amino acid levels

• By binding directly to mTORC1

• By inhibiting autophagy

What is the role of HMB in muscle protein synthesis?

• It degrades muscle proteins

• It transports amino acids

• It inhibits mTORC1

• It mimics the action of leucine