First Crusade - 3 Minute History

In the 11th century, Western Europe stabilized, allowing Christians to reclaim lands from Muslims. The Catholic Church faced internal issues, including the Great Schism and power struggles. The Byzantine Empire sought help against the Seljuks, leading Pope Urban II to call for the First Crusade. Crusaders, including nobles and peasants, journeyed to Constantinople and fought in Anatolia. They captured Antioch and Jerusalem, establishing control in the Levant. Despite initial success, further efforts were needed to maintain their hold.

What major event in 1054 led to a significant division within the Christian Church?

• The Great Schism

• The Battle of Manzikert

• The Investiture Controversy

• The Council of Claremont

Who led the poorly trained People's Crusade that was quickly defeated by the Seljuks?

• Pope Urban II

• Emperor Alexius I

• Godfrey of Bouillon

• Peter the Hermit

Which city did the Crusaders lay siege to in October 1097, facing a prolonged battle due to their inability to fully surround it?

• Jerusalem

• Antioch

• Ascalon

• Constantinople

What significant artifact was discovered in Antioch that boosted the morale of the Crusaders?

• The Ark of the Covenant

• The Holy Grail

• The Lance that stabbed Jesus

• The True Cross

Who became the first King of Jerusalem after the successful capture of the city by the Crusaders?

• Robert, Duke of Normandy

• Baldwin of Boulogne

• Godfrey of Bouillon

• Raymond of Toulouse