Late Modern Philosophy Part 2: The Roots of Analytic Philosophy

The video explores the evolution of continental and analytic philosophy, highlighting key figures like Darwin, Comte, and Spencer. It discusses Darwin's impact on science, Comte's positivism, and Spencer's synthetic philosophy. The video also covers the rise of pragmatism, focusing on Peirce and James, and their contributions to the analytic tradition.

What was the significant impact of Darwin's 'On the Origin of Species' on the scientific method?

• It dismissed the importance of empirical evidence.

• It supported religious thought in science.

• It provided a practical explanation for natural processes.

• It reinforced metaphysical teleological theories.

What was Auguste Comte's main contribution to the field of science?

• He coined the term 'survival of the fittest'.

• He developed the theory of evolution.

• He introduced the idea of metaphysical intuition.

• He established the concept of social physics.

Which philosopher is associated with the establishment of sociology?

• Auguste Comte

• Charles Peirce

• William James

• Herbert Spencer

What is the relationship between different scientific disciplines according to Comte?

• They are completely independent.

• They are reducible to one another.

• They have a degree of reliance on each other.

• They are based on metaphysical intuition.

How did Herbert Spencer misinterpret Darwin's theory of evolution?

• He considered evolution to be a metaphysical concept.

• He thought evolution aimed at societal progress.

• He believed evolution was a random process.

• He denied the role of natural selection.

What was a controversial aspect of Spencer's utilitarian theory?

• It inspired eugenics and Nazi rhetoric.

• It supported the idea of inalienable individual rights.

• It was based on abstract metaphysical intuition.

• It dismissed the value of cooperation in society.

What is the main focus of Charles Peirce's semiotics?

• Religious interpretations of science.

• Practical analysis of signs and symbols.

• Theoretical physics and mathematics.

• Abstract metaphysical concepts.

How did William James's approach to pragmatism differ from Peirce's?

• He focused on logical rigor.

• He prioritized abstract analysis.

• He emphasized psychological aspects.

• He rejected empirical evidence.

What does the James-Lange theory of emotion propose?

• Emotions are purely cognitive processes.

• Emotions are immediate physiological responses.

• Emotions are unrelated to physical stimuli.

• Emotions are abstract metaphysical concepts.

What marks the transition from modern to contemporary philosophy?

• The end of the medieval period.

• The beginning of the 20th century.

• The publication of Darwin's work.

• The rise of religious thought in science.