Covalent bonding in methane, ammonia & water

This video tutorial covers covalent bonding in small molecules like methane, ammonia, water, hydrogen fluoride, and ethanol. It explains how these molecules share electrons due to their valence shell configurations and discusses their molecular structures and shapes. The video also introduces dot and cross diagrams to represent covalent bonds and explores the impact of lone pairs on molecular geometry and intermolecular forces. Finally, it examines the structure of ethanol and reviews key bonding concepts.

What patterns can be observed in the bonding of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine as you move across the periodic table?

Describe how the bonding in ethanol differs from that in methane, ammonia, and water.