Civil Rights and Military Service

During World War II, American soldiers of diverse backgrounds served, but faced unequal treatment. The Army was a major employer of minorities, yet African Americans were often given menial tasks and denied leadership roles. After the war, the contradiction of fighting for freedom abroad while facing discrimination at home was highlighted. In 1948, President Harry Truman issued Executive Order 9981, ending military segregation and mandating equal treatment, marking a significant step in the civil rights movement and broader desegregation in America.

What was a significant issue faced by American soldiers of different races during World War II?

• They were given equal treatment and opportunities.

• They were not allowed to join the military.

• They faced unequal treatment despite their service.

• They were only allowed to serve in the Navy.

How were African American soldiers treated in the military during World War II?

• They were treated the same as other soldiers.

• They were not allowed to serve.

• They were assigned menial tasks and denied leadership roles.

• They were given leadership roles.

What contradiction did veterans and others expose after World War II?

• The contradiction of soldiers being allowed to vote.

• The contradiction of soldiers fighting for freedom abroad while facing discrimination at home.

• The contradiction of soldiers receiving equal education benefits.

• The contradiction of soldiers being paid equally.

What was the purpose of Executive Order 9981 issued by President Truman?

• To increase military funding.

• To reduce the size of the military.

• To create new military bases.

• To end military segregation and mandate equal treatment.

What was one of the first presidential actions on civil rights in America?

• The Emancipation Proclamation.

• Executive Order 9981.

• The Voting Rights Act of 1965.

• The Civil Rights Act of 1964.