Cell Membrane and Organelle Functions

This video tutorial covers the concepts of homeostasis and transport in biology, focusing on the cell membrane's structure and function. It explains the roles of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates in the membrane, and describes passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis. The video also discusses the effects of different solution types on cells and introduces active transport processes, including endocytosis and exocytosis. Finally, it highlights the endomembrane system's role in protein transport within cells.

What is the primary component of the cell membrane?

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

• Carbohydrate chains

• Phospholipids

Which part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic?

• Head

• Tail

• Neither head nor tail

• Both head and tail

What type of molecules can easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer?

• Proteins

• Ions

• Small non-polar molecules

• Large polar molecules

Which process does not require energy to move molecules across the cell membrane?

• Active transport

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Facilitated diffusion

In which type of solution does a cell gain water?

• None of the above

• Hypotonic

• Isotonic

• Hypertonic

What is required for active transport to occur?

• ATP energy

• No energy

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

Which process involves the cell taking in large molecules?

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Osmosis

• Facilitated diffusion

What is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

• DNA replication

• Carbohydrate storage

• Protein synthesis

• Lipid synthesis

Where are proteins modified and packaged for transport?

• Lysosome

• Golgi apparatus

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of lipids?

• Ribosome

• Golgi apparatus

• Smooth ER

• Rough ER