Biafran War: Key Concepts and Impacts

The Biafran War, a three-year conflict from 1967 to 1970, began when Nigeria's southeastern region declared independence as the Republic of Biafra. Rooted in economic, ethnic, and political tensions, the war was marked by a devastating blockade leading to widespread famine. Internationally, the war drew mixed responses, with some countries supporting Biafra and others backing Nigeria. The war ended in 1970, but the underlying issues persist. Key lessons include the dangers of ethnic divisions, the importance of equitable resource distribution, and the impact of international involvement.

What was the primary reason for the southeastern region of Nigeria to declare independence as the Republic of Biafra?

• Support from international allies

• Ethnic and political tensions

• Desire for a new government system

• Economic prosperity

What was the Nigerian government's initial military strategy against Biafra?

• Economic sanctions

• Direct invasion

• Blockade leading to famine

• Diplomatic negotiations

What was the impact of the Nigerian blockade on Biafran civilians?

• Widespread famine and starvation

• Rapid technological advancement

• Increased economic growth

• Improved international relations

Which countries supported Nigeria during the Biafran War?

• United States and Canada

• China and Japan

• Britain and the Soviet Union

• France and a few African countries

What was the outcome of the Biafran War?

• Biafra gained independence

• The war is still ongoing

• Nigeria was divided into two countries

• Biafra surrendered and reintegrated into Nigeria

What lesson does the Biafran War teach about resource distribution?

• It can exacerbate tensions

• It is a minor factor in wars

• It is irrelevant in conflicts

• It always leads to peace

What role did international actors play in the Biafran War?

• They immediately resolved the war

• They prolonged the conflict

• They had no influence

• They provided humanitarian aid only

How did the Biafran forces respond to the Nigerian military's strategies?

• By launching airstrikes

• By forming alliances with neighboring countries

• By surrendering immediately

• By using guerrilla warfare tactics

What marked the turning point in the Biafran War?

• Capture of the Biafran capital, Enugu

• Introduction of new military technology

• Formation of a peace treaty

• Withdrawal of international support

What was Operation Tiger Claw?

• A diplomatic mission

• A humanitarian aid operation

• A major invasion by the Nigerian army

• A peace treaty