Types of Volcanic Eruptions

The video discusses the various types of volcanic eruptions, highlighting their unique characteristics and the types of volcanoes that typically produce them. It covers submarine, sub-glacial, surtseyan, Icelandic, Hawaiian, strombolian, vulcanian, phreatic, plinian, and pelean eruptions, explaining the conditions under which each occurs and their potential hazards.

Why is it important to identify the type of volcanic eruption?

• To predict the weather

• To determine the age of the volcano

• To understand the hazards it might pose

• To measure the height of the volcano

What characterizes a submarine eruption?

• Explosive lava fountains

• Lava dome formation

• Lava flowing from a fissure

• Gentle lava effusion and a white column of superheated water

What is a jokulhaup?

• A type of lava flow

• A large sudden flood of glacial water

• A volcanic ash cloud

• A type of volcanic rock

Which type of eruption is characterized by a lengthy fissure in the ground?

• Icelandic eruption

• Strombolian eruption

• Hawaiian eruption

• Vulcanian eruption

What is a key feature of a Strombolian eruption?

• Large pyroclastic flows

• Continuous lava flow

• Fluctuating bursts of volcanic gases and small explosions

• Formation of a lava dome

What typically triggers a phreatic eruption?

• A fissure opening

• Magma heating nearby groundwater

• Lava reaching the surface

• A volcanic earthquake

What distinguishes a Plinian eruption?

• A small pyroclastic flow

• A sustained eruption plume lasting hours to days

• A short-lived eruption column

• A lateral blast

What is the height threshold for a sub-Plinian eruption plume?

• 20 kilometers

• 25 kilometers

• 15 kilometers

• 10 kilometers

What is a characteristic of a Pelean eruption?

• Gentle lava flow

• Formation of a cinder cone

• Formation of a lava dome

• Submarine explosion

What is an ultraplinian eruption?

• An eruption with a lateral blast

• An eruption with a jokulhaup

• An eruption with more than 10 cubic kilometers of explosively erupted material

• An eruption with a sustained plume less than 20 km