Macedonian Phalanx and Warfare

The Macedonian Phalanx, developed by Philip II, was an innovative infantry formation that evolved from the classical Greek Phalanx. Its main feature was the sarisa, a long pike that allowed soldiers to attack from a distance. The Phalanx was structured in a 16 by 16 formation, requiring rigorous training and discipline. Soldiers were equipped with a sarisa, a zephos sword, and a shield, with armor totaling 40 pounds. The Phalanx excelled on flat terrain, contributing to Alexander the Great's success against the Persians. However, it became obsolete during the Macedonian Wars against the Roman Republic due to the maneuverability of Roman Legions.

Who developed the Macedonian Phalanx?

• Leonidas

• Alexander the Great

• Philip II

• Julius Caesar

What was the primary weapon used by the Macedonian Phalanx?

• Longbow

• Sarisa

• Crossbow

• Dagger

How long was the sarisa used by the Macedonian soldiers?

• 7 meters

• 6 meters

• 5 meters

• 4 meters

What was the formation size of the Macedonian Phalanx under Philip II?

• 10 by 10

• 16 by 16

• 12 by 12

• 14 by 14

What was the purpose of the uniforms provided to the Macedonian soldiers?

• To intimidate enemies

• To promote unity and solidarity

• To enhance mobility

• To protect from weather

What secondary weapon did the Macedonian Phalanx use for close combat?

• Axe

• Spear

• Zephos

• Mace

How much did the total armor and weaponry of a Macedonian soldier weigh?

• 30 pounds

• 40 pounds

• 50 pounds

• 60 pounds

Why was the Macedonian Phalanx effective against the Persians?

• Persian armies were smaller

• Persians lacked cavalry

• Persians had outdated weapons

• Persian geography was flat and open

What led to the obsolescence of the Macedonian Phalanx?

• Roman Legions' maneuverability

• Poor leadership

• Heavy armor

• Lack of training

After whose death did the Macedonian Phalanx spread throughout the Hellenistic world?

• Philip II

• Leonidas

• Alexander the Great

• Julius Caesar