European Imperialism in Africa

From 1880 to 1914, European nations used imperialism to dominate Africa, transforming its political and social landscape. The Berlin Conference of 1884 formalized the colonization process, disregarding African ethnic divisions. By 1914, Europeans controlled 90% of Africa, exploiting its resources and labor. While introducing technologies and ending the slave trade, Europeans imposed their culture and maintained control through advanced weaponry. The legacy of imperialism included economic exploitation, cultural imposition, and political disenfranchisement, with apartheid in South Africa lasting over a century.

What was the primary reason for European nations to explore the African coast during the Age of Exploration?

• To bring African slaves to their colonies in America

• To find new lands for settlement

• To spread Christianity

• To establish trade routes with Asia

What was the main outcome of the Berlin Conference of 1884?

• European nations agreed to end the slave trade

• Rules for colonizing Africa were established

• African nations gained independence

• A new trade route to Asia was discovered

Which European country claimed the Congo in Central Africa?

• Germany

• Belgium

• France

• Great Britain

Which European power was the most dominant in Africa during the imperial period?

• France

• Belgium

• Germany

• Great Britain

What was one of the economic motivations for European imperialism in Africa?

• To establish democratic governments

• To gain access to natural resources

• To promote African cultural heritage

• To develop African industries

Who was the most influential empire builder in Africa during the period of European imperialism?

• David Livingstone

• Cecil Rhodes

• Henry Morton Stanley

• King Leopold II

What was one of the technological advancements introduced by Europeans in Africa?

• Railroads

• Electricity

• Airplanes

• Automobiles

How did European imperialism affect the political structure of African societies?

• Africans were taught professional skills

• Africans were given voting rights

• Africans were allowed to rule themselves

• Africans were unable to rule themselves

What was the impact of European cultural influence on African education?

• Africans were educated in traditional African ways

• Africans were taught European culture

• European culture was rejected by Africans

• Africans developed their own educational systems

What was the long-term effect of British rule in South Africa?

• The end of racial segregation

• The establishment of apartheid

• The unification of African tribes

• Immediate independence for South Africa