12.2 video Scramble for Africa

Which of the following statements accurately describes Africa?

• It is the world's largest continent by land area.

• It is the world's most populous continent.

• It contains 54 countries and is the second largest and second most populous continent.

• Its borders were primarily decided by African nations.

What valuable resources did Roman expeditions seek in the interior of Africa?

• Diamonds, oil, and timber

• Gold, salt, and spices

• Copper, iron, and textiles

• Silver, silk, and tea

What goods were primarily exchanged by Arabs with the West African empires of Ghana and Mali?

• Spices, textiles, and pottery

• Gold, ivory, and slaves

• Iron, copper, and agricultural tools

• Salt, dates, and horses

What did the Portuguese primarily trade with the Kongo Kingdom in exchange for European goods like guns and cloth?

• Gold and diamonds

• Spices and exotic fruits

• Slaves captured in wars

• Ivory and animal hides

What was the name of the first European settlement established by the Dutch East India Company in South Africa?

• Transvaal

• Free Orange State

• Cape of Good Hope

• Mozambique

Before the 19th century, what was a significant challenge that limited European exploration into the interior of Africa?

• Lack of interest in African resources.

• Limited navigable rivers and prevalence of tropical diseases.

• Absence of advanced weaponry for European explorers.

• Strong alliances among African kingdoms preventing entry.

What was a direct consequence of industrialization in European countries during the 19th century?

• A decrease in the demand for raw materials.

• Increased self-sufficiency within European nations.

• Overproduction of goods and a search for new markets.

• A shift towards agricultural economies.

What was the primary purpose of the Berlin Conference held between 1884 and 1885?

• To establish fair trade agreements with African nations.

• To divide African territories among European powers and prevent conflict.

• To discuss the abolition of slavery in Africa.

• To form a military alliance against rising Asian powers.

How did King Leopold II exploit the people of the Congo region?

• He forced them to pay taxes in gold and diamonds.

• He made them farm wild rubber as a form of tax payment.

• He conscripted them into his personal army.

• He sold them as slaves to other European colonies.

Which African nation successfully resisted European colonization and maintained its independence by 1914?

• Sudan

• Congo

• Ethiopia

• South Africa