Age of Exploration

What significant event in 1453 led European kingdoms to seek alternative Afro-Eurasian trade routes?

• The discovery of the New World

• The rise of the Venetian Republic

• The Ottoman capture of Constantinople

• The Black Death pandemic

What was Prince Henry's primary contribution to Portuguese exploration?

• He personally led many voyages around Africa

• He funded and encouraged exploration, navigation studies, and tool development

• He discovered the sea route to India

• He established the first Portuguese colonies in the Americas

How did the Portuguese Empire's initial approach to wealth extraction differ from the Spanish Empire's?

• The Portuguese focused on establishing colonies, while the Spanish controlled trade routes

• The Portuguese focused on controlling shipping and trading routes, while the Spanish controlled land and people

• The Portuguese sought gold and slaves, while the Spanish sought spices and porcelain

• The Portuguese partnered with African women traders, while the Spanish relied on military conquest

From the perspective of indigenous people, what were some of the consequences of colonization?

• Increased wealth and access to new goods

• The loss of land, life, religious beliefs, and community assets

• Opportunities for new trade partnerships with Europeans

• The establishment of new, advanced infrastructure like roads and bridges

What was a significant long-term consequence of Magellan's voyage?

• The immediate end of all global conflicts.

• The establishment of universal human rights.

• The opening of the world to global transportation, exchange, and conquest.

• The complete eradication of all known diseases.

How did Spanish conquistadors like Cortés and Pizarro often gain an advantage in conquering indigenous empires?

• By relying solely on superior European weaponry.

• By forming alliances with rival indigenous communities.

• By immediately converting all indigenous populations to Christianity.

• By establishing peaceful trade agreements with all local leaders.

Which of the following was a key advantage that Iberian explorers possessed during their voyages?

• Extensive knowledge of global trade routes from previous generations.

• Advanced manufacturing skills for diverse goods.

• Superior sailing prowess and weaponry.

• A complete immunity to all known diseases.

What was a major factor contributing to the significant decline of indigenous American populations after European contact?

• Widespread famine due to crop failures.

• Lack of resistance to European diseases like smallpox and measles.

• Mass migration to other continents.

• Environmental changes caused by European farming techniques.