WorksheetsAP Biology Review (plants, endcrine, immune, nerve, muscle)
Total questions: 49
Worksheet time: 27mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?
a)
during labor, the position of the baby's head stimulates uterine contractons until the baby is born. then contractions cease
b)
during labor, exact levels of oxytocin are maintained by the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary
c)
the anterior putuitary maintains homeostasis by stimulating the thyroid gland when thyroxin levels become to low
d)
insulin reduces glucose levels
2.
Which of the following is correct about cyclic-AMP?
a)
it binds with cell surface receptors and sets up a signal transduction pathways
b)
it is a common cell surface receptor for lipid ligands
c)
it is a common second messenger in intracellular signaling
d)
it is a high energy molecule that can substitute for ATP
3.
Which of the following is not part of the fist line of defense in humans
a)
mucus membranes
b)
cilia in the respiratory system
c)
stomach acid
d)
lymphocytes
4.
Which of the following is an APC (antigen presenting cell)?
a)
regulator T cell
b)
macrophage
c)
helper T cell
d)
cytotoxin T cell
5.
Which of the following is NOT involved in cell to cell communication
a)
acetylcholine
b)
pyruvic acid
c)
interferon
d)
retinal cells
6.
Which of the following is NOT involved in the transmission of an impulse from a neuron to a skeletal muscle?
a)
calcium ions
b)
rhodopsin
c)
acetylcholine
d)
sacrolemma
7.
The process in which organisms use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars
a)
Respiration
b)
Evaporation
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Digestion
8.
When a vine wraps around a fence post, the plant is exhibiting
a)
phototropism
b)
gravitropism
c)
nastic movement
d)
thigmotropism
9.
The process of engulfing a bacterium or virus particle by a macrophage is known as
a)
Phagocytosis
b)
Pinocytosis
c)
T cell
d)
Dendritic cell
10.
Which of the following is part of innate immunity?
a)
Neutrophils
b)
Cell-Mediated Response
c)
Inflammation
d)
Humoral Response
11.
Which of the following is part of the adaptive immunity?
a)
Inflammation
b)
Skin
c)
Macrophages
d)
T cells
12.
T cells mature in the
a)
Bone marrow
b)
Thymus
c)
Blood
d)
Thyroid
13.
The inflammation response is triggered by
a)
Histamines
b)
Anti-histamines
c)
Cytokines
d)
Interferon
14.
The protein that sits on pathogenic surfaces and elicits an immune response is known as
a)
antigen
b)
histamine
c)
antibody
d)
anticytosis
15.
Which cell primes B AND T cells?
a)
Macrophages
b)
Helper T cells
c)
Cytotoxic T cells
d)
Humoral cells
16.
What is the antigen presenting receptor on the surface of T cells called?
a)
MHC
b)
TLR
c)
GPCR
d)
None of the above
17.
Which type of cell will remember what the antigen looks like and produce a rapid secondary response?
a)
Plasma B cells
b)
Memory B cells
c)
Plasma T cells
d)
Memory T cells
18.
A secondary immune response will be faster when...
a)
The individual has encountered the pathogen already
b)
The individual's macrophages are on high alert
c)
The individual has encountered the pathogen and has memory B cells circulating
d)
All of the above
19.
Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease?
a)
Lupus
b)
Rheumatoid Arthritis
c)
MS
d)
All of the above
20.
When a virus is latent and inserts its DNA into the host cells genome, we call this what phase?
a)
Lysogenic
b)
Lytic
c)
Both lysogenic and lytic
d)
None of the above
21.
HIV attacks and kills which of the following?
a)
Plasma B cells
b)
Memory B cells
c)
Helper T cells
d)
Cytotoxic T cells
22.
Where are antibodies produced?
a)
lymph nodes
b)
capillaries
c)
lacteals
d)
thoracic duct
23.
Which tissue produces lymphocytes and filters out impurities and harmful substances?
a)
spleen
b)
tonsils
c)
thymus
d)
lymph nodes
24.
What is the purpose of antibodies?
a)
To pump lymph through the vessels
b)
To create lymph
c)
To fight infection
d)
To remove old red blood cells
25.
Which of the following would be an example of paracrine signaling in animals?
a)
neurotransmitter acetylcholine
b)
hormone epinephrine
c)
neurotransmitter norepinephrine
d)
growth factor
26.
A signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein is a
a)
ligand
b)
second messenger
c)
protein kinase
d)
receptor protein
27.
Which of the following can activate a protein by transferring a phosphate group to it?
a)
cAMP
b)
G Protein
c)
protein kinase
d)
protein phosphatase
28.
What do second messengers do?
a)
transport a signal through the lipid bilayer
b)
relay a signal from the outside to the inside of the cell
c)
relay message from the inside of the mebrane throughout the cytoplasm
d)
dampen the message
29.
What is a function of the second messenger IP3?
a)
bind to and activate protein kinase A
b)
activate transcription factors
c)
convert ATP to cAMP
d)
bind to and open ligand-gated channels
30.
Signal amplification is most often achieved by
a)
an enzyme cascade
b)
binding of multiple signals
c)
branching pathways
d)
action of adenylyl cyclase
31.
Which of the following converts cAMP to AMP?
a)
phosphodiesterase
b)
protein phosphatase
c)
GTPase
32.
Which of the following is a chemical message that usually travels through the bloodstream to target cells?
a)
hormone
b)
local regulator
c)
endocrine cell
33.
Where do the neurotransmitters bind?
a)
synapse
b)
vesicles
c)
ligand-gated Na+ channels
d)
Ca+ channel
34.
When sodium moves in the cell, will the cell be polarized or depolarized?
a)
polarized
b)
depolarized
35.
What channel is opened by stimuli if the local membrane potential reaches a certain threshold?
a)
leak ion channel
b)
voltage-gated channel
c)
ligand-gated channel
36.
What channel is open by stimuli if a ligand (neurotransmitter) binds to the receptor portion?
a)
leak ion channel
b)
ligand-gated channel
c)
voltage-gated channel
37.
What will happen when the action potential reaches the axon terminal?
a)
vesicles will travel away from axon terminal
b)
vesicles will stop
c)
vesicles will endocytose neurotransmitters from synapse
d)
vesicles will exocytose neurotransmitters into synapse
38.
The stereocilium opens K + ion channels which allows the cell to depolarize or hyperpolarize?
a)
hyperpolarize
b)
depolarize
39.
What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS) made of?
a)
brain and spinal nerves
b)
brain and cranial nerves
c)
spinal cord and spinal nerves
d)
cranial and spinal nerves
40.
What is the cuticle's main purpose?
a)
To make the leaf taste good
b)
To protect the leaf
c)
To make it shiny
d)
To help retain water
41.
What do the veins contain?
a)
Xylem and Cells
b)
Xylem and Phloem
c)
Zylem and Phloem
d)
Xylem and Ploem
42.
Transpiration is...
a)
The process which water evaporates
b)
The process which water freezes
c)
The process which water grows
d)
The process which nutrients evaporate
43.
The stomata are...
a)
Small zits in a leaf
b)
Small openings in a leaf
c)
The sticky outer surface
d)
Cell inside the xylem
44.
What affects the increase of transpiration?
a)
Wind
b)
high humidity
c)
low temperature
d)
water temperature
45.
What decreases the rate of transpiration?
a)
high temperature and wind
b)
low humidity and wind
c)
low temperatures and high humidity
d)
high humidity and high temperatures
46.
Poison Ivy growing on a tree by touch.
a)
Gravitropism
b)
Phototropism
c)
Thigmotropism
d)
Hydrotropism
47.
Pollen tubes forming in the Style of the Carpel during fertilization. The pollen grows towards glucose.
a)
Gravitropism
b)
Phototropism
c)
Thigmotropism
d)
Chemotropism
48.
Substances that act as chemical messengers within plants controlling functions
a)
Chemicals
b)
Plant Hormones
c)
Adrenaline
d)
Photosynthesis
49.
A growth response of a plant toward or away from a stimulus
a)
Nastism
b)
Tropism
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Transpiration
100 %
