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WorksheetsBio Semester 2 Review
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 34mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
The number of different species in the biosphere is called
a)
biodiversity
b)
ecological diversity
c)
genetic diversity
d)
species diversity
2.
A population of organisms grows
a)
with no natural restrictions except the availability of food
b)
when birth rate is higher than the death rate
c)
only in the absence of predators or natural diseases
d)
all of these
3.
Rabbits introduced into Australia over 100 years ago have become serious pests to farmers. Rabbit populations increased so much that they caused many native species of plant eaters to relocate. What is the most logical explanation for their increased numbers?
a)
Rabbits have a high death rate
b)
There are few effective predators
c)
Additional rabbit species have been introduced
d)
There is an increase in rabbit competitors
4.
Which are two ways a population can decrease in size?
a)
increased immigration and decreased emigration
b)
increased death rate and increased immigration
c)
decreased birth rate and increased emigration
d)
decreased emigration and increased birth rate
5.
Sea stars are strong predators for marine organisms such as clams and mussels. An ecologist studying an ocean ecosystem performed an experiment in which the sea stars were removed from the ecosystem. After the removal of the sea stars
a)
The ecosystem became more diverse
b)
Food webs in the ecosystem became more complex
c)
The size of the ecosystem was reduced
d)
The number of species in the ecosystem was reduced
6.
Which of the following choices describes the population changes shown on the graph during time 1990 to 2000?
a)
Increased birthrate
b)
Constant death rate
c)
Decreased birthrate
d)
Constant birthrate
7.
Rainforests have been cut down to open ground for farming in some tropical areas of the world. After a period of farming, the soil is too poor to grow food and the area becomes desert like. How does the change in habitat from rainforest to desert affect biodiversity in the area?
a)
biodiversity remains the same
b)
biodiversity increases
c)
biodiversity decreases
d)
it is impossible to tell
8.
The movement of organisms into a given area from another area is called
a)
Immigration
b)
Emigration
c)
Population shift
d)
Carrying capacity
9.
Which of the following threaten biodiversity?
a)
Introducing foreign species
b)
Pollution
c)
Climate changes
d)
All of these
10.
Which of the following is NOT a hypothesis that helps to explain: Greater biodiversity occurs at tropical latitudes (near the equator) than at latitudes farther from the equator?
a)
Plants can photosynthesize all year creating more energy reserves
b)
There is less competition for resources among species in the tropics
c)
Tropical habitats have stable climates, so species have diversified more in these areas
d)
Tropical habitats are warmer and more living things prefer warm climates
11.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
a)
two genetically different cells
b)
four genetically different cells
c)
four genetically identical cells
d)
two genetically identical cells
12.
During the normal meiotic division of a diploid cell, the change in chromosome number that occurs is represented as
a)
4n → n
b)
2n → n
c)
2n → 4n
d)
4n → 2n
13.
The 23rd pair of chromosomes that differ in males and females are called
a)
autosomes
b)
polygenes
c)
multiple alleles
d)
sex chromosomes
14.
A child will be a boy if...
a)
it receives a Y chromosome from its father
b)
it receives an X chromosome from its father
c)
it receives a Y chromosome from its mother
d)
it receives an X chromosome from its mother
15.
A child will be a girl if...
a)
it receives a Y chromosome from its father
b)
it receives an X chromosome from its father
c)
it receives a Y chromosome from its mother
d)
none of these
16.
If two parents with dominant phenotypes produce an offspring with a recessive phenotype, then probably
a)
one parent is homozygous
b)
both parents are heterozygous
c)
one parent is heterozygous
d)
both parents are homozygous
17.
In fruit flies, the gene for red eyes (R) is dominant and the gene for white eyes (r) is recessive. What are the possible combinations of genes in the offspring of two red-eyed heterozygous flies (Rr)?
a)
RR
b)
RR, Rr, and rr
c)
rr
d)
Rr and rr
18.
When crossing a homozygous recessive with a heterozygote, what is the chance of getting an offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype?
a)
50%
b)
100%
c)
25%
d)
0%
19.
The pictureshows the structure of a(an)
a)
RNA molecule
b)
DNA molecule
c)
amino acid
d)
protein
20.
RNA is copied during a process called
a)
transformation
b)
replication
c)
transcription
d)
translation
21.
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTA GGT produces a strand with the bases
a)
AGC TTG
b)
CAU CCA
c)
TCG AAC
d)
GAT CCA
22.
The primary function of DNA is to
a)
store information that tells the cell which proteins to make
b)
occupy space in the nucleus to keep the nucleus from collapsing
c)
serve as a template for making long, spiral carbohydrates
d)
serve as a storage form for unused nucleotides
23.
Proteins are composed of long chains of
a)
fatty acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
amino acids
d)
monosaccharides
24.
Genes are instructions for assembling
a)
purines
b)
RNAnucleosomes
c)
a lipid chainpyrimidines
d)
protiens
25.
During transcription, _____ is transcribed or copied to make RNA
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
DNA polymerase
d)
RNA polymerase
26.
During translation, the instructions in RNA is used to make _____
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
a lipid chain
d)
protein
27.
Refer to the diagram. What amino acid sequence is coded for in the following mRNA strand: CUC AAG UGC UUC
a)
Val-Asp-Pro-His
b)
Leu-Lys-Cys-Phe
c)
Glu-Phe-Thr-Lys
d)
Pro-Glu-Leu-Val
28.
Which of the following would represent the strand of DNA from which this mRNA strand in was made: CUCAAGUGCUUC?
a)
GAGTTCACGAAG
b)
GAGUUCACGAA
c)
AGACCTGTAGGA
d)
CUCAAGUGCUUC
29.
A mutation
a)
can be a mistake in the DNA information
b)
changes the DNA sequence
c)
can happen at a given point in the DNA sequence or can shift the DNA order
d)
All of these
30.
The long, slow process of change in species over time is
a)
natural selection
b)
adaptation
c)
evolution
d)
fitness
31.
According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have
a)
the greatest number of offspring
b)
characteristics that plant and animal breeders value
c)
characteristics that their parents acquired through use and disuse
d)
variations best suited to the environment
32.
The two main sources of genetic variation are
a)
sexual reproduction and mutations
b)
single-gene traits and polygenic traits
c)
directional selection and disruptive selection
d)
genotypes and phenotypes
33.
Which of these best illustrates natural selection?
a)
An organism with favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and breed successfully.
b)
The largest organisms in a species receive the only breeding opportunities.
c)
A community whose members work together to utilize all existing resources and migratory routes.
d)
A population monopolized all of the resources in its habitat, forcing other species to migrate
34.
In order to fit into their habitat, the Galapagos finches had
a)
been created as superior birds
b)
not changed
c)
evolved
d)
All of the above
35.
In what year did the population have the largest decrease?
a)
1982
b)
1997
c)
1974
d)
2004
36.
What are 2 possible reasons the population decreased?
a)
too much food, not enough predators
b)
high birth rate, low death rate
c)
not enough food, too many predators
d)
good weather conditions, no shelter
37.
During meiosis, a diploid cell begins with 12 chromosomes. After meiosis, how many chromosomes will the haploid cells have?
a)
12
b)
24
c)
10
d)
6
38.
Why is crossing over important during meiosis?
a)
allows for genetic variation
b)
decides if offspring are male or female
c)
creates cells
d)
allows for cells to be exact copies
39.
the following are traits for pigs:
B = brown skin
b = pink skinT = curly tail
t = straight tail
What is the genotype of a pig that is heterozygous for both traits?
B = brown skin
b = pink skinT = curly tail
t = straight tail
What is the genotype of a pig that is heterozygous for both traits?
a)
bbTt
b)
BBTt
c)
BbTt
d)
BbTT
40.
the following are traits for pigs:
B = brown skin
b = pink skin
T = curly tail
t = straight tail
What is the genotype of a pig that is homozygous brown with a homozygous curly tail??
B = brown skin
b = pink skin
T = curly tail
t = straight tail
What is the genotype of a pig that is homozygous brown with a homozygous curly tail??
a)
bbTT
b)
BBTt
c)
BbTT
d)
BBTT
41.
the following are traits for pigs:
B = brown skin
b = pink skin
T = curly tail
t = straight tail
What is the genotype of a pig that is heterozygous brown with a homozygous curly tail??
B = brown skin
b = pink skin
T = curly tail
t = straight tail
What is the genotype of a pig that is heterozygous brown with a homozygous curly tail??
a)
BbTt
b)
BBTt
c)
BbTT
d)
BBTT
42.
If a genotype is RrHh, what are the possible gamete combinations?
a)
RH, Rh, rH, rh
b)
RR, rr, HH, hh
c)
RH, RH, rh, rh
d)
Rr, Rr, Hh, Hh
43.
What would be the complementary mRNA strand for this DNA strand: CCG AAT GAA
a)
CCG AAU GAA
b)
GGC TTA CTT
c)
GGC UUA CUU
d)
GGC UUU CUU
44.
What would be the complementary mRNA strand for this DNA strand: TAT CGG AAC
a)
AUA GCC UUG
b)
ATA GCC TTG
c)
AAC CGG TAT
d)
AUA GCC TTG
45.
Amino Acids linked together make a
a)
protein
b)
macromolecule
c)
chromosome
d)
amino acid
46.
The genetic make-up of an individual is called
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
heterozygous
d)
homozygous
47.
The physical appearance of an individual is called
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
heterozygous
d)
homozygous
48.
Which of the following is a heterozygous genotype?
a)
HH
b)
rr
c)
Bb
d)
PP
49.
Which of the following is a homozygous genotype?
a)
Gg
b)
Rr
c)
Bb
d)
PP
50.
A ____ trait is one that will show up in the phenotype; the trait that is masked is called the ____ trait.
a)
recessive; dominant
b)
dominant; recesssive
c)
genotype; dominant
d)
homozygous; heterozygous
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