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LE Repro Review

Total questions: 54

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
2.

Fetal development (differentiation and growth) occur in the indicated structure. What is the structure highlighted by the '?'

a)

Ovary

b)

Fallopian tube

c)

Uterus

d)

Uterus lining

3.

The 3 functions of the MALE reproductive system:

a)

produce sex hormones, produce eggs, provide nourishing environment for the baby

b)

produce sex hormones, produce/store sperm, deliver sperm to female reproductive system

c)

produce hormones, urination, cleansing of reproductive organs

4.
The 3 functions of the FEMALE reproductive system:
a)
produce sex hormones, produce eggs, provide nourishing environment for baby
b)
produce sex hormones, produce/store sperm. deliver sperm to female reproductive system
c)
produce hormones, urination, cleansing of reproductive organs
5.
What is the diploid number of cells found in a human body cell?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
92
d)
47
6.

This temporary organ is responsible for the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste to a developing fetus.

a)

Fetus

b)

Amniotic Sac

c)

Umbilical Cord

d)

Placenta

7.
If two organisms reproduce sexually, then their offspring will exhibit a genetic makeup that is -
a)
identical to only one parent
b)
identical to all of its siblings
c)
a unique combination of traits
d)
the recessive traits of each parent
8.
What process is occurring in the following image?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Meiosis
c)
Binary fission
d)
Phagocytosis 
9.
Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population? 
a)
Asexual reproduction
b)
Sexual reproduction
c)
Binary fission
d)
DNA mutation
10.
Another name for a sex cell is a:
a)
gamete
b)
embryo
c)
bone cell
d)
muscle cell
11.
Human eggs and sperm are _____, and each has ____ chromosomes.
a)
diploid, 23
b)
diploid, 46
c)
haploid, 23
d)
haploid, 46
12.

Which of the following best describes cancer?

a)

Absence of cyclins in the DNA

b)

Multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA

c)

Uncontrolled cell growth (mitosis) caused by mutations in genes that control the cell cycle.

d)

Presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders.

13.

Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but not meiosis?

a)

Two stages of cell division

b)

Replication of cellular genetic material

c)

Daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell

d)

Four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell.

14.
When you start with 1 cell, at the end of mitosis, how many identical cells will you have?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
15.
A haploid cell has 
a)
one-half of a set of chromosomes
b)
one set of chromosomes
c)
two sets of chromosomes
d)
four sets of chromosomes
16.
Crossing over is important because....
a)
It prevents mutations from entering the gametes. 
b)
It allows for even distribution of chromosomes in the gametes.
c)
It allows for more genetic diversity of gametes.
d)
It allows for genetic uniformity of gametes. 
17.
Which of the following cell types is formed by meiosis?
a)
muscle cells
b)
skin cells
c)
sperm cells
d)
blood cells
18.
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
a)
It is carried out in all tissues theat require cell replacement
b)
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of an organism
c)
It happens in all of the tissues except the brain and spinal cord
d)
It is the first stage of mitosis
19.
A male shark has 40 chromosomes in each of its sex cells. How many would be present in its body cells?
a)
20
b)
40
c)
80
d)
160
20.
What happens in nondisjunction?
a)
Chromosomes don't separate correctly causing genetic disorders
b)
There is no such thing as nondisjunction
c)
Cells divide
d)
Cells collide
21.
The union of a sperm and egg is called
a)
fertilization
b)
embryo
c)
implantation
d)
trimester
22.
The female organ that provides nutrients and oxygen without mixing the mother's blood with the baby's blood is called what?
a)
placenta
b)
amnion
c)
ovary
d)
fimbriae
23.
A female egg that has been fertilized.
a)
Amniotic Sac
b)
Placenta
c)
Infant
d)
Zygote
24.
A fertilized egg that has begun mitosis is called what?
a)
Fetus
b)
Embryo
c)
Zygote
d)
Infant
25.

When undergoing growth and differentiation, a zygote becomes an embryo and then what?

a)

Fetus

b)

Embryo

c)

Infant

d)

Adult

26.

Which processes DOES NOT increase genetic variation as a normal part of sexual reproduction?

a)

Crossing over of homologous chromosomes

b)

Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes

c)

Gene mutation

d)

Random fertilization of gametes

27.

Which organ produces egg cells, estrogen, and progesterone?

a)

The vagina

b)

The fallopian Tubes

c)

The uterus

d)

The ovaries

28.
Which organ produces sperm cells and testosterone?
a)
testes
b)
epididymis
c)
ovary
d)
prostate gland
29.
Asexual Reproduction involves how many parents?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
30.
This part of the female reproductive system makes eggs, estrogen, & progesterone. 
a)
oviduct or fallopian tube
b)
ovary
c)
uterus
d)
vagina
31.
Where does fertilization usually occur?
a)
ovary
b)
uterus
c)
vagina
d)
fallopian tube
32.
What do we call the process of copying DNA?
a)
transciption
b)
translation
c)
replication
d)
redundancy
33.
Haploid Cells are represented by
a)
2n
b)
n
c)
1/2 n
d)
4n
34.
Diploid Cells are represented by
a)
2n
b)
n
c)
4n
d)
1/2 n
35.
Which of the following is TRUE about a woman's reproductive cycle?
a)
no menstrual cycle is a sign of pregnancy
b)
ovulation occurs around day 14
c)
her cycle is regulated by ovarian and pituitary hormones
d)
ALL OF THESE ARE TRUE
36.

Which of the following is the best explanation for why the chromosome number is an even number in each of these organisms?

a)

There will always be a pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, so it will always be an even number.

b)

The number of chromosomes double each time.

c)

It's only a coincidence

d)

So that when mitosis occurs each new cell gets the same number of chromosomes.

37.
Which of the following represents the chromosome number in the process of MEIOSIS?
a)
2n --> n
b)
2n --> 2n
c)
n --> 2n
d)
n --> n
38.
Which is the correct order?
a)
embryo, fetus, zygote
b)
fetus, zygote, embryo
c)
embryo, zygote, fetus
d)
zygote, embryo, fetus
39.

Base your answer on the diagram below, which represents some stages in the development of an embryo, and on your knowledge of biology. This entire sequence (A through embryo) started with

a)

the periodic shedding of a thickened uterine lining

b)

mitotic cell division in a testes

c)

meiotic cell division in the placenta

d)

the process of fertilization

40.

A zygote develops into a multicellular organism through

a)

mitosis and specialization

b)

mitosis and meiosis

c)

recombination and communication

d)

genetic engineering and natural selection

41.

The diagram represents some processes in the early development of a multicellular organism. Which statement describing this diagram is correct?

a)

The cell represented by structure 3 has the same genetic content as structure 2.

b)

Process A represents the process of meiosis.

c)

Each cell in structure 4 has the same genetic content as that in structure 3.

d)

Processes A and B both occur in the placenta.

42.

After a zygote is formed, specialization of cells occurs. Through which process do the cells of a zygote become specialized?

a)

sexual reproduction

b)

meiosis

c)

fertilization

d)

differentiation

43.

Occasionally, during pregnancy, the placenta can separate from the uterus. This causes a disruption in development and sometimes death of the fetus. Harm to the developing fetus might occur because the placenta

a)

transfers oxygen and nutrients to the fetal blood

b)

sends maternal blood into the fetus

c)

supplies milk for the fetus

d)

breaks down wastes of the fetus

44.

When you start with 1 cell, at the end of meiosis, how many gametes will you have in the testes?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

45.

What substances are involved in controlling the production of sperm and eggs in humans?

a)

vitamins

b)

hormones

c)

starches

d)

minerals

46.

Which sequence best represents sexual reproduction?

a)

meiosis, gametes, fertilization, zygote

b)

mitosis, gametes, zygote, fertilization

c)

gametes, meiosis, mitosis, fertilization

d)

fertilization, gametes, meiosis, zygote

47.

Blocking an oviduct or vas deferans, would inhibit what biological process?

a)

release of gametes out of the body

b)

transport of urine

c)

removal of sex hormones

d)

production of gametes

48.

How many parents are needed in order for sexual reproduction to occur?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

0

49.

Which type of reproduction would result in little to no genetic variation in offspring?

a)

asexual

b)

sexual

50.

Why is meiosis needed in order to form gametes?

a)

to maintain a haploid number of chromosomes in gametes

b)

to maintain a constant number of chromosomes in a population

c)

in order for fertilization to create diploid zygotes

d)

all of these are correct statements

51.

What is responsible for creating the hormones estrogen & progesterone?

a)

The Pituitary gland

b)

The Hypothalamus

c)

The ovaries

d)

The Fallopian Tubes

52.

What hormone(s) is responsible for the development of the secondary sex characteristics in females, and plays a role in menstruation and pregnancy?

a)

estrogen

b)

progesterone

c)

FSH & LH

d)

FSH only

53.

After conception, where does the embryo/fetus develop?

a)

vagina

b)

fallopian tubes

c)

uterus

d)

ovaries

54.

When does ovulation occur

a)

Day 1

b)

Days 1-5

c)

Day 14

d)

28 days

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